Through the combination of reaction kinetics (both stoichiometric and catalytic), solution- and solid-state characterization of arylpalladium(II) arylsilanolates, and computational analysis, the intermediacy of covalent adducts containing Si-O-Pd linkages in the cross-coupling reactions of arylsilanolates has been unambiguously established. Two mechanistically distinct pathways have been demons...

Disc-shaped bicelles are formed by mixing long-chain lipids with short-chain lipids at suitable molar ratios and they have a relatively uniform size, typically around a few tens of nanometers in diameter. Different from the typically formulated cationic or anionic liposome–DNA complexes, which are used as nonviral vectors for improving the transfection efficiency of gene therapy, a novel way of...

The effects of anionic salts in the transition diet on serum and urine calcium at calving and on peripartal health, subsequent milk production and fertility performance were studied in a well-managed, high-producing Friesland dairy herd. Over a period of a year, approximately 21 days before the expected date of calving, 28 pre-partum heifers and 44 multiparous dry cows were randomly allocated w...

Electron microscopy of ultrathin sections stained with cationic iron colloid revealed that, in the choroid plexus of the rat brain ventricles, the luminal surface and fenestral diaphragm of the capillary endothelium as well as the basement membranes of the endothelium and epithelium are strongly anionic or intensely negatively charged. The iron colloid reaction to these anionic sites was erased...

In order to control the pollution by anionic surfactants in seawater, a simple, accurate and sensitive reverse flow injection (rFIA) spectrophotometric method for the determination of anionic surfactants in seawater is suggested in this paper. Sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (LAS) was selected as the reference anionic surfactant. The method is based on the ion associate formed between LAS and Et...

Using a combination of anion photoelectron spectroscopy and density functional theory calculations, we explored the influence of the shell model on H atom site selectivity in Al(13)H(-). Photoelectron spectra revealed that Al(13)H(-) has two anionic isomers and for both of them provided vertical detachment energies (VDEs). Theoretical calculations found that the structures of these anionic isom...

Making one out of two: Dimeric boraza-crown ethers bridge the gap between metallacrowns and aza-crown with a strikingly simple synthesis. Dioxazaborocanes react alkoxides to form corresponding anionic boronates, which combine dimers upon ring-opening reactions. The presence was proven in solid state solution by X-ray crystallography NMR spectroscopy, respectively. influence counterion on stabil...

Human brain contains one cationic (pI8.3) and two anionic (pI5.5 and 4.6) forms of glutathione S-transferase. The cationic form (pI 8.3) and the less-anionic form (p1 5.5) do not correspond to any of the glutathione S-transferases previously characterized in human tissues. Both of these forms are dimers of 26 500-Mr subunits; however, immunological and catalytic properties indicate that these t...