Evidence that protein synthesis inhibitors induce amnesia in a variety of species and learning paradigms indicates that the consolidation of newly acquired information into stable memories requires the synthesis of new proteins. Because extinction of a response also requires acquisition of new information, extinction, like original learning, would be expected to require protein synthesis. The p...

Both mitochondrial ATP-sensitive K+(KATP) channels and the actin cytoskeleton have been proposed to be end-effectors in ischemic preconditioning (PC). For evaluation of the participation of these proposed end effectors, rabbits underwent 30 min of regional ischemia and 3 h of reperfusion. PC by 5-min ischemia + 10-min reperfusion reduced infarct size by 60%. Diazoxide, a mitochondrial KATP-chan...

At least six viral genes are activated early after adenovirus 2 infection of HeLa cells. In an effort to define more clearly the effects of protein synthesis inhibition on early viral gene expression, the rate of transcription and the cytoplasmic abundance of viral mRNA from each transcription unit were studied in infected cells treated with translational inhibitors added at different times dur...

Leishmania-induced macrophage dysfunctions have been correlated with altered signaling events. In this work, we report that SB203580, a specific inhibitor of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK), increases Leishmania donovani survival in human peripheral blood mononuclear macrophages. Consistent with this finding, activation of p38 and c-jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) MAPK signaling pathwa...

Three age groups of male Swiss albino CD-1 mice (2-3 mo, 6-7 mo, and 14-15 mo) were treated with a 120 mg/kg dose of the protein synthesis inhibitor anisomycin or with an equal volume of saline at various times before and after training (20 min pretraining, 0, 10, 30, or 180 min posttraining) in a shock motivated passive-avoidance task. Young (2-3 mo) and intermediate-aged (6-7 mo) mice treated...

Research has implicated the perirhinal cortex (PRh) in several aspects of object recognition memory. The specific role of the hippocampus (HPC) remains controversial, but its involvement in object recognition may pertain to processing contextual information in relation to objects rather than object representation per se. Here we investigated the roles of the PRh and HPC in object memory reconso...

The muscle regulatory factor, myf5, is involved in the establishment of skeletal muscle precursor cells. Little is known, however, about the control of the expression of the gene encoding this basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) factor. We have addressed this question in the mouse myogenic cell line, C2, and in a derivative of this cell line where the myf5 gene is the only muscle-specific bHLH factor...

Previous studies have demonstrated that in the hippocampus the maintenance of long-term potentiation (LTP) requires de novo protein synthesis. To investigate the role of protein synthesis in the maintenance of LTP of C-fiber evoked field potentials in spinal dorsal horn, which may be relevant to hyperalgesia, protein synthesis inhibitor (either cycloheximide or anisomycin) was applied locally t...