BACKGROUND The optimal surgical treatment in functional ischemic mitral regurgitation (FIMR) remains controversial. Recently, a posterior papillary muscle relocation (PMR) technique as adjunct procedure to ring annuloplasty has been proposed to prevent recurrent FIMR. In the present study, we used 3D cardiac MRI to assess the impact of relocating both papillary muscles as adjunct procedure to d...

OBJECTIVES The objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that patients with primum atrioventricular septal defect (AVSD) have an imbalance in the positions of the left ventricular papillary muscles compared with healthy subjects, and that this anatomic imbalance correlates with left deviation of the QRS axis. BACKGROUND The function and contraction pattern of the heart is best predic...

Although isolated cat papillary muscles have proved useful in a variety of physiologic and pharmacologic studies, the energy integrity of this preparation has been questioned. Accordingly, papillary muscles (avg diam =1.3 mm) were either placed in oxygenated Krebs solution for 1 hour at 26°C at rest or were made to contract at various frequencies and temperatures and for various durations. In a...

In addition to the papillary muscles of right ventricle referred to in anatomical nomenclature, namely the anterior, posterior and septal, we have distinguished the "conal papillary muscle" and the "papillary muscle of the posterior angle of the right ventricle". The conal papillary muscle was described by Luschka in the 17(th) century as the most constant of the septal papillary muscles. We ha...

BACKGROUND We set out to evaluate mitral valve repair with the loop technique under dynamic conditions, using a U-Clip to anchor the loop unit to a papillary muscle. METHODS Mitral valve prolapse was artificially developed by resecting 4 chordae tendineae of a resected porcine heart. The loop unit was anchored to the papillary muscle using U-Clips. Each chordal loop was fixed on the prolapsed...

Motion of the mitral apparatus in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with obstruction was investigated by conventional single dimensional and multidimensional echocardiography. In systole, anterosuperior displacement of the posterior papillary muscle, failure of mitral valve closure, and anterior motion of both mitral leaflets were shown. The anterior leaflet was seen to impinge on the posterior papil...

AIMS Earlier studies in monozygotic (MZ) and dizygotic (DZ) twins showed genetic variance on echocardiographically determined heart size. However, cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) is more precise and reproducible. We performed a twin study relying on CMR, focusing on left ventricular (LV) mass and papillary muscle, since there are no genetic reports on this structure. METHODS AND RESUL...

In this study we used transmural multipolar electrodes, sonomicrometers implanted within the left ventricular wall, and cardiac electrical stimulation techniques to examine the effect of transient mechanical posterior papillary muscle traction on local myocardial electrophysiologic characteristics. Nine open-chest dogs were atrially paced (cycle length 400 msec) followed by insertion of timed p...

Hypertrophy From Apical Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy To the Editor: We read with interest the article by Reddy et al1 regarding a case with apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. The authors said that the 2D echocardiograph obtained from this patient indicated hypertrophy of the apex and that 201-Tl scintigraphic imaging demonstrated an increased count in the apical segment. However, because there ...

The primary cardiac tumors are extremely rare tumors that arise from the normal cardiac tissues. There are benign variants (mostly myxoma) and malignant tumors. Fibroelastoma (FE) is the most common primary tumor, of which myxoma is the most common subtype followed by papillary fibroelastomas (PFE).They account for the majority of primary heart valvular tumors that mainly involve the left (mitr...