Juvenile channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus, were fed diets supplemented with yeast or yeast subcomponents (YYS) as commercial preparations of β-glucan (MacroGard(®) and Betagard A(®)), mannan oligosaccharide (Bio-Mos(®) Aqua Grade), or whole-cell Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Levucell SB20(®)) at the manufacturers' recommended levels. Fish were fed experimental diets for 1 or 2 weeks prior to di...

IMPORTANCE In a previously reported cohort of 29 patients with plaque-type psoriasis followed up for 24 weeks, clinically relevant antidrug antibody (ADA) to adalimumab was frequently found. Long-term data were lacking. We now present the extension of this study: 80 patients followed up for 1 year. OBJECTIVES To assess the extent of ADA and its clinical consequences after 24 weeks of adalimum...

The benefit of annually repeated influenza vaccination on antibody formation is still under debate. In this study the effect of annually repeated influenza vaccination on haemagglutination inhibiting (HI) antibody formation in the elderly is investigated. Between 1990 and 1993 healthy young and elderly, both selected by the SENIEUR protocol, were vaccinated consecutively with commercially avail...

HIV-1 Tat is an important regulatory protein involved in AIDS pathogenesis. However, the immunoprofiles of anti-Tat responses remain unclear. We analysed the immunoprofiles of the anti-Tat antibody responses and the neutralizing activities. Out of 326 HIV-1-seropositive individuals, 12.9% were positive for anti-Tat antibodies. We found six different immunological profiles of anti-Tat antibody r...

BACKGROUND Little is known about factors associated with maintenance of hemagglutinin inhibition (HAI) antibodies after influenza vaccination in older adults. METHODS Adults ≥50 years of age were vaccinated prior to the 2009-10 influenza season. Serum was drawn pre-vaccination (S1), 21-28 days post-vaccination (S2), and after the influenza season (S3) for HAI assays. Seroconversion was define...

Despite the absence of current official reports showing the number of cattle infected by rabies, it is estimated that nearly 30,000 bovines are lost each year in Brazil. In order to minimize the important economic losses, control of the disease is achieved by eliminating bat colonies and by herd vaccination. In this study, we compare the antibody response in cattle elicited by vaccination with ...

response to the 0 antigen of Escherichia coli has been well characterized, little information is available on the immune response to K anigen. Experimental hematogenous pyelonephritis was produced with Escherichia coli 06 K13 HI and the serum and local (intrarenal) antibody response to 0 and K antigens was determined with the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Both local and serum antibody resp...

BACKGROUND Measurement of postimmunization antibody response to pneumococcal capsular polysaccharide (caps-PS) is the standard method to identify deficiency of antipolysaccharide antibody production. However, no standardized criteria have been defined for classification of patients into responders or nonresponders to caps-PS. METHODS We vaccinated 37 healthy children and 39 healthy adults wit...

Two canine distemper virus (CDV) vaccine types are currently commercially available: modified-live virus (MLV) vaccines and a canarypox recombinant CDV (rCDV) vaccine (Recombitek, Merial). This study compared the ability of the rCDV vaccine and MLV vaccines to significantly enhance (boost) the antibody response of previously immunized adult and juvenile dogs. A significant (fourfold or greater)...

BACKGROUND The long-term antibody response to measles vaccine (MV) administered at age 6 months with or without subsequent doses is not well documented. METHODS Measles serum antibody responses were evaluated after a supplemental dose of measles vaccine (sMV) administered at a median age of 20 months among Malawian children who had previously received 2 doses of measles vaccine (MV) at ages 6...