BACKGROUND Non-antifungal drugs appear promising in treatment of opportunistic infections of Candida spp. that are often resistant to current antifungals. METHODS The broth macrodilution method (NCCLS M27-P document) was used to compare the antifungal activity of trifluoperazine, propranolol, and lansoprazole with that of ketoconazole and amphotericin B, using 50 yeast isolates from the GI tr...

Candida glabrata is a facultative intracellular opportunistic fungal pathogen in human infections. Several virulence-associated attributes are involved in its pathogenesis, host-pathogen interactions, modulation of host immune defenses, and regulation of antifungal drug resistance. This study evaluated the in vitro antifungal susceptibility profile to five antifungal agents, the production of s...

background: in recent years, drug resistance to human pathogenic fungi has been increased. medicinal plants are one way to overcome antibiotic resistance. the aim of this study was to evaluate the antifungal and inhibitory activity of five medicinal plants on the growth of candida albicans. methods: this study was done in the microbiology lab of shahid bahonar university of kerman, iran in 2015...

The widespread emergence of antifungal drug resistance poses a severe clinical problem. Though predicted to play a role in this phenomenon, the drug:H(+) antiporters (DHA) of the major facilitator superfamily have largely escaped characterization in pathogenic yeasts. This work describes the first DHA from the pathogenic yeast Candida glabrata reported to be involved in antifungal drug resistan...

Continuous deployment of antifungals in treating infections caused by dimorphic opportunistic pathogen Candida albicans has led to the emergence of drug resistance resulting in cross-resistance to many unrelated drugs, a phenomenon termed multidrug resistance (MDR). Despite the current understanding of major factors which contribute to MDR mechanisms, there are many lines of evidence suggesting...

The evolution of drug resistance in fungal pathogens compromises the efficacy of the limited number of antifungal drugs. Drug combinations have emerged as a powerful strategy to enhance antifungal efficacy and abrogate drug resistance, but the impact on the evolution of drug resistance remains largely unexplored. Targeting the molecular chaperone Hsp90 or its downstream effector, the protein ph...

Invasive fungal infections with high mortality rate are a growing health concern in hospitals and medical centers. The infection usually occurs in people with compromised immune systems. The purpose of this paper is a review of the most commonly prescribed antifungal drugs for invasive fungal diseases. Antifungals consist of the four main groups; polyenes, azoles, echinocandins and DNA an...

Azoles target the ergosterol biosynthetic enzyme lanosterol 14alpha-demethylase and are a widely applied class of antifungal agents because of their broad therapeutic window, wide spectrum of activity, and low toxicity. Unfortunately, azoles are generally fungistatic and resistance to fluconazole is emerging in several fungal pathogens. We recently established that the protein phosphatase calci...