Abstract The tumor microenvironment is highly immunosuppressive, allowing cancer to evade the immune system by inducing dysfunction, exhaustion, or subversion of CD8+ T-cell functions. Cancer immunotherapies using attenuated strains Listeria monocytogenes (Listeria) engineered express antigens have been demonstrated promote antigen-specific T-cells that infiltrate and control mouse models cance...

Neutrophil alloantigens are involved in a variety of clinical conditions including immune neutropenias, transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI), refractoriness to granulocyte transfusions and febrile transfusion reactions. In the last decade, considerable progress has been made in the characterization of the implicated antigens. Currently, seven antigens are assigned to five human neutrop...

Peritoneal cavity (PerC) B-1 cells have long been known to express CD11b, which is coexpressed with CD18 to form the Mac-1/CR3 complement receptor and adhesion molecule. However, although all PerC B-1 cells are commonly believed to express CD11b, we show here that nearly half of the cells in each of the PerC B-1 subsets (B-1a and B-1b) do not express this surface receptor. The CD11b(+) cells in...

BACKGROUND Approximately 3-5% of patients with melioidosis manifest CNS symptoms; however, the clinical data regarding neurological melioidosis are limited. METHODS AND FINDINGS We established a mouse model of melioidosis with meningitis characterized by neutrophil infiltration into the meninges histologically and B. pseudomallei in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) by bacteriological culturing m...

Saponin-based adjuvants are widely used to enhance humoral and cellular immune responses towards vaccine antigens, although it is not yet completely known how they mediate their stimulatory effects. The aim of this study was to elucidate the mechanism of action of adjuvant Matrix-M™ without antigen and Alum was used as reference adjuvant. Adjuvant Matrix-M™ is comprised of 40 nm nanoparticles c...

Expression of CD11b is enhanced on neutrophils recruited to the lungs during bacterial pneumonia. To determine the role that CD11b plays in pneumonia, CD11b gene-deficient (CD11b(-/-)) mice and normal wild-type (wt) mice were intranasally infected with Streptococcus pneumoniae. CD11b(-/-) mice had an enhanced outgrowth of pneumococci in the lungs and an increased dissemination of the infection,...

Acute complement activation occurs in the tubulointerstitium (TI) of kidneys transplanted from Crry(-/-)C3(-/-) mice into complement-sufficient wildtype mice, followed by marked inflammatory cell infiltration, tubular damage and interstitial fibrosis. We postulated iC3b-CD11b interactions were critical in this TI nephritis model. We transplanted Crry(-/-)C3(-/-) mouse kidneys into CD11b(-/-) an...

The cytokine NAP-1/IL-8 is produced by a variety of different cells in response to inflammatory stimuli and elicits several biological responses from PMN. Experiments presented here demonstrate that PMN exposed to NAP-1/IL-8 expressed increased amounts of CD11b/CD18, as well as CD11c/CD18 and CR1, on their cell surface, while expression of Fc gamma RIII and HLA-A,B,C remained essentially unchan...

Metastasis is the most devastating aspect of cancer, however we know very little about the mechanisms of local invasion, the earliest step of metastasis. During tumor growth CD11b+ Gr1+ cells, known also as MDSCs, have been shown to promote tumor progression by a wide spectrum of effects that suppress the anti-tumor immune response. In addition to immunosuppression, CD11b+ Gr1+ cells promote me...