The sodium hydrogen exchanger 1 (NHE1), which functions in maintaining the ratio of Na(+) and H(+) ions, is widely distributed in cell plasma membranes. It plays a prominent role in pH balancing, cell proliferation, differentiation, adhesion, and migration. However, its exact subcellular location and biological functions in Toxoplasma gondii are largely unclear. In this study, we cloned the C-t...

To investigate the physiological role of glucagon in the maintenance of euglycemia, the effect of the neutralization of glucagon by an antiserum specific for glucagon on blood glucose and C-peptide immunoreactivity (CPR) levels was studied in the basal as well as in the hyperglucagonemic states caused by hypoglycemia or an intravenous infusion of arginine in rats. The antiserum employed in this...

For many years antipneumococcal serum was administered in relatively small doses at intervals of 8 hours and injections were continued until the fever subsided (1). Such a slow method of giving antiserum necessitated a prolonged period of treatment and patients often succumbed to the pneumonia before they had been given adequate quantities of antibody. The importance of administering large dose...

The role of insulin in modulating phosphoinositide breakdown and accumulation of inositol phosphates was investigated in isolated rat pancreatic islets by using GPAIS (guinea-pig anti-insulin antiserum> that neutralizes effects of insulin in the medium. At either 3.0 mmor 16.7 mM-glucose or 3.0 mM-glucose plus I0 uM-arecaidine propargyl ester (muscarinic receptor agonist), GPAIS (but not contro...

An antiserum specific for Vibrio cholerae exo-enterotoxin was produced by immunization of a horse with purified choleragenoid, a natural cholera toxoid. The serum has a high titer against the toxin antigen in passive hemagglutination tests and a respectable antipermeability factor activity. It also passively protected against choleragen-induced mouse foot edema. The serum was found to be useful...

PURPOSE Several inherited corneal disorders in humans result from mutations in the transforming growth factor beta induced gene (TGFBI), which encodes for the extracellular transforming growth factor beta induced protein (TGFBIp) that is one of the most abundant proteins in the cornea. We previously reported a significant amount of TGFBIp in plasma by immunoblotting using the only TGFBIp antise...