Completion of root development takes around 3 years after eruption of permanent teeth. Any pulpal injury in this period can lead to necrosis of pulp. Pulp necrosis of immature permanent teeth may impair root development and apical closure of root canals. Management of immature non vital teeth is very challenging for a clinician because teeth may have wide open apex and thin root canal walls tha...

The ability to control the transition from vegetative to reproductive growth could potentially increase wheat yields, particularly in regions subject to midseason drought stress. Little is known about the factors that regulate or affect this transition in wheat and other graminae. Because ethephon is known to accelerate this transition in other plants, the effect of seed treatment on spring whe...

The ARINC-653 standard architecture for flight software specifies an application executive (APEX) which furnishes an application programming interface of fifty-one routines. APEX enables the development of portable applications, providing a strict time and space partitioning for their execution along with intraand inter-partition communication facilities. This architecture also defines a hierar...

introduction: the purpose of this clinical study was to compare the accuracy of working length (wl) determination using cone-beam computed tomography (cbct), conventional periapical radiographies and electronic apex locator. methods and materials: this study was conducted during root canal treatment of 19 patients with a total of 30 single-rooted teeth diagnosed with apical periodontitis. after...

Precociously germinating Brassica napus (oilseed rape) embryos produce extra cotyledons or chimeric organs with sectors of cotyledon and leaf tissue, rather than leaves, at the shoot apex. To investigate this phenomenon in more detail, scanning electron microscopy was used to examine the development of organ primordia at the shoot apex. In situ hybridizations with molecular markers of the embry...

A non-destructive replica method and a 3-D reconstruction algorithm are used to analyse the geometry and expansion of the shoot apex surface. Surface expansion in the central zone of the apex is slow and nearly isotropic while surface expansion in the peripheral zone is more intense and more anisotropic. Within the peripheral zone, the expansion rate, expansion anisotropy, and the direction of ...

Advances in the computer technology encouraged the avionics industry to replace the federated design of control units with an integrated suite of control modules that share the computing resources. The new approach, which is called integrated modular avionics (IMA), can achieve substantial cost reduction in the development, operation and maintenance of airplanes. A set of guidelines has been de...

The right ventricular apex (RVA) is a potential hot spot for development of cardiac rhythm anomalies. Many conditions, including arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy and Brugada's syndrome affect the RVA, and further, the RVA remains an incompletely characterized pacing region. Whether there are structural reasons underlying these conduction properties remains unsettled. In the curre...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Distinguishing whether forces resulting from the impingement of central blood flow streams at a curved arterial segment or at the apex of an intracranial bifurcation could be important for the understanding of aneurysm formation. Using finite element models, our purpose was to investigate the hemodynamics related to intracranial saccular aneurysm formation through compute...