The study aimed at investigating the role of social capital in citrus growers’ empowerment in Sari County. The statistical population comprised 12 800 citrus growers in Sari County. The stratified random sampling was employed in this study in an attempt to recruit 291 individuals as prospective participants. Data collection tool was a questionnaire. In order to establish its content validity, s...

Decline in Pesticide Use by Canadian Farmers Farmers in Ontario are spraying smaller amounts of pesticides on their crops than in the past. From 1983 to 1993, pesticide use dropped by a dramatic 28.3%, according to the Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Food, and Rural Affairs (OMAFRA). By comparison, pesticide use in the United States fell 15% between 1982 and 1992. Under the Food Systems 2002 p...

“The escalating concern about resistance in C. rosaceana field populations has reinforced the need for continued resistance monitoring and identification of effective tools for integrated pest management programs.” The native North American pest, obliquebanded leafroller, Choristoneura rosaceana (Harris) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), is widely distributed and has a broad range of over 50 hosts, b...

Growers need reliable information on costs and returns they can expect for a cider apple ( Malus × domestica ) orchard suitable mechanization because specialty apples only be used making cider, are expected to lower than fresh table apples. This study estimates the costs, returns, net profit that growers may realize by planting in either freestanding or tall spindle system use mechanical harves...

Abstract The objective of this study was to evaluate the agronomic performance Geneva® series apple rootstocks G.202, G.213, G.210 and G.814. rootstock G.202 G.213 proved be less vigorous, being considered dwarfs. For replanting soil, ‘G.210’ an efficient alternative. ‘G.213’ most efficient, in a general point view, demonstrating that it does not change its yield efficiency stability characteri...

Mycobacteria a genus of Actinobacteria are widespread in nature ranging from soil-dwelling saprophytes to human and animal pathogens. The rate of growth has been a classifying factor for the Mycobacterium spp., dividing them into the rapid growers and the slow growers. Here we have performed a comparative genome study of mycobacterial species in order to get better understanding of their evolut...

This study examined tobacco growers' knowledge of tobacco economics, particularly their knowledge of how tobacco revenue is distributed and their knowledge of the price of foreign tobacco. Tobacco growers (n = 1236) from 14 tobacco-dependent counties in North Carolina were interviewed by telephone and asked to estimate how much of a hypothetical $2.00 for a pack of cigarettes is received by eac...

Diseases on apple leaves are becoming a major issue for growers since they can cause the crop to fail. Due diversity of diseases that affect leaves, it be challenging farmers determine leaf damage. The purpose this research is evaluate convolutional neural network (CNN) method its potential use in solving problem disease identification. Four types illness dealt with: normal, multi-illness, rust...

Hard cider is an important and growing part of the U.S. beverage market. Previous research suggests there opportunity for growers interested in selling locally grown cider-specific apple ( Malus domestica ) varieties. However, face production, distribution, marketing challenges. This article fills a gap literature using survey data from four states. We find that are expanding production to supp...