Skills training in the informal economy, known as apprenticeship, caters to skills needs of millions young people Global South. While it predates development formal Technical and Vocational Education Training (TVET) systems, was not until ‘discovery’ economy 1970s that attention drawn this important system training. Despite importance is striking there has been a paucity academic research on ed...

The school-to-work transition presents a substantial regulatory challenge for youth in modern societies. Based on the action-phase model of developmental regulation, we investigated the effects of goal engagement on transition outcomes in a high-density longitudinal study of noncollege-bound German adolescents (N5 362). Career-related goal engagement was important for attaining a desired career...

The main aim of the present paper is to outline a theoretical framework of instruction based on the elements of two major approaches of cognitivism and constructivism. To begin with, the paper introduces the notion of instructional design and discusses the importance of psychology of learning and instruction in designing instructional models. Further, the paper identifies the prototypical schem...

What we know • Indigenous Australians, particularly females, are more likely than the rest of the population to participate in apprenticeships and traineeships, mostly due to the relatively younger demographic structure of the Indigenous population (as apprenticeships are typically undertaken during youth). • Among those enrolled in apprenticeships and traineeships, Indigenous students are more...

Among educational theorists and applied linguists sharing a common concern with the learning and teaching of literacy, there exist divergent understandings of the term ‘apprenticeship’. The more widespread and influential understanding is more precisely classified as ‘cognitive apprenticeship’, denoting a theory of learning that originated in North America in the late 1980s and which emphasises...

The German dual apprenticeship system came under pressure in recent years because enterprises were not willing to offer a sufficient number of apprenticeship positions. A frequently made argument is that the gap could be closed if more firms would be willing to incur net costs during the training period. This paper investigates for the first time whether German enterprises on average indeed inc...

This paper jointly analyses the consequences of adverse selection and signalling on entry wages of skilled employees. It uses German linked employer employee panel data (LIAB) and introduces a measure for relative productivity of skilled job applicants based on apprenticeship wages. It shows that post-apprenticeship employer changers are a negative selection from the training firms’ point of vi...

Nurses' professional capacity plays an important role in the health system to achieve their mission. This study aimed to investigate the perspectives of nursing practitioners about undergraduate nursing internship and apprenticeship courses and possible ways of renewing the courses. This cross sectional survey was performed over 258 bachelors and practitioners of nursing graduates of Alborz Uni...

We study the problem of an apprentice learning to behave in an environment with an unknown reward function by observing the behavior of an expert. We follow on the work of Abbeel and Ng [1] who considered a framework in which the true reward function is assumed to be a linear combination of a set of known and observable features. We give a new algorithm that, like theirs, is guaranteed to learn...

there are rare references to professional training in mesopotamian sources mainly because this used to be done in the family, from father to son. nevertheless, there are some 35 apprenticeship contracts from the neo-babylonian period which open a unique window to the social, legal and economic aspects of professional training. the present article edits and translates 3 such apprenticeship contr...