INTRODUCTION Since their colonization of terrestrial ecosystems, plants have developed numerous strategies to cope with the diverse bi-otic and abiotic challenges that are a consequence of their sedentary life cycle. One of the most successful strategies is the ability of root systems to establish mutualistic and reciprocally beneficial symbiotic relationships with microorganisms. Mycorrhizas, ...

Tomato is one of the important food crops world. It has rich essential nutrients features. However, tomato plants are sensitive to certain diseases and pests. This situation causes intense unconscious pesticide use avoid crop losses. known that mycorrhiza provide many advantages plant. In this study, effects different doses fungicide applications on some physiological parameters were examined i...

Legumes form tripartite symbiotic associations with noduleinducing rhizobia and vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Co-inoculation of soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merr.) roots with Bradyrhizobium japonicum 61-A-101 considerably enhanced colonization by the mycorrhizal fungus Glomus mosseae. A similar stimulatory effect on mycorrhizal colonization was also observed in nonnodulating soybean muta...

The rare earth elements (REE) are increasingly important in a variety of science and economic fields, including (bio)geosciences, paleoecology, astrobiology, and mining. However, REE distribution in early rock-microbe-plant systems has remained elusive. We tested the hypothesis that REE mass-partitioning during incipient weathering of basalt, rhyolite, granite and schist depends on the activity...

to evaluate the effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi under water deficit stress on linseed, a field experiment was conducted as split-plot in rcbd design with three replications at the research station of faculty of agriculture at shahrekord university in 2013. water deficit stress at four levels of no stress, mild, medium and severe stress as main factor and inoculation with glomus intraradi...

Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) are symbiotic systems in nature and have great significance in promoting the growth and stress resistance of medicinal plants. During our literature search from the Chinese Scientific Information Database (Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, CNKI) we obtained 65 articles with "AM fungi" and "medicinal plant" as the key words, which indicates that in China, res...

One filed experiment was carried out to study the effect of Arbuscular Mycorrhiza fungi and three preceding winter crops, i.e., Meskawy cultivar Egyptian clover berseem (Trifolium alexandrinum L.), Careem sugar beet (Beta vulgaris) Sakha 94 wheat (Triticum aestivum) five fertilizer combinations as treatments NPK mineral bio which included 100% (T1), 75% + arbuscular mycorrhiza (AMFs) (T2), 50% ...

Many studies describe the positive effect of mycorrhiza, but few report on negative effects. Furthermore, there is a research gap mechanisms under which conditions symbiotic mycorrhizal plant interaction or parasitic one predominates. The study was conducted as field experiment over three years to investigate mycorrhiza (Rhizoglomus intraradices) and soil bacteria applications fertile soil. A s...