Introduction: As a carrier of different sensors, moles can penetrate into the regolith automatically and keep investigating the subsurface environment continuously. In this section, features of several moles with different applications are introduced to explain why we choose a hammer-driven mole to study. Mole driven by a hammer: In this section, the penetrating principle of a hammer-driven mol...

A coe cients of linear system B, B intermediate source terms b source term of linear system C continuity equation error e, e error vectors f vector of dependent variables g source-term vector g discretized form of g h depth of cavity l width of cavity P relative pressure Re Reynolds number, Ul= r, r residual vectors s arc-length fraction s1 grid-clustering parameter t time U speed of upper (dri...

Controlled postdevelopment heat treatment of the photoresist polymer used in the preparation of holographic gratings has been shown to enhance the diffraction efficiency of gratings and reduce the scattering losses. We prove this effect by analyzing the resonant reflection spectra of a waveguide grating and observing the reduction in the arc-shaped light scattering associated with the excitatio...

There are significant structural differences between the mouth and pharyngeal cavity of birds and mammals. It is usual to refer to a common oropharyngeal cavity of birds because the soft palate, which forms such an obvious delineation between the mouth and pharyngeal cavity, is absent. Six male adult ostriches were used to study the oropharyngeal cavity and its components including the beak, ha...

In collison dominated plasmas the electron density is the most important parameter. Therefore laser interferometry is very attractive because it allows a direct determination of this quantity without any rigid assumptions such as, e.g., local thermodynamical equilibrium (LTE). For references see, e.g., Griem \ Alpher and White 2 or Kunze 3. In the experiment described in this paper we intended ...

To cite: Sharma S, Dubey SK, Kumar N, et al. BMJ Case Rep Published online: [please include Day Month Year] doi:10.1136/ bcr-2013-200936 DESCRIPTION A 62-year-old male patient presented with a symptom of haemoptysis for 15 days. There was history of pulmonary Koch’s for which he took complete treatment 11 years ago. In the CT scan of the chest, there was an irregular-shaped cavity in the right ...

Meteosat infra-red imagery for the Great Storm of October 1987 is analysed to show a series of very shallow arc-shaped and smaller chevron-shaped cloud features that were associated with damaging surface winds in the dry-slot region of this extra-tropical cyclone. Hypotheses are presented that attribute these low-level cloud features to boundary-layer convergence lines ahead of wind maxima asso...

(1) Background: Microfluidic chips have found extensive applications in multiple fields due to their excellent analytical performance. As an important platform for micro-mixing, the performance of micromixers has a significant impact on analysis accuracy and rate. However, existing with high mixing efficiency are accompanied by pressure drop, which is not conducive integration micro-reaction sy...

Abstract In order to study the formation and penetration performance of reactive liner, in this paper, a Ta-Zr alloy is used as liner material, large cone angle spherical arc-cone are simulated analyzed by using AUTODYN software. The following conclusions obtained: (1) EFP formed has good flight stability, followed arc liner; (2) length diameter ratio shaped charge larger than that (3) depth la...

The article reports the radiocarbon investigation of Anzapalivoro, the largest za baobab (Adansonia za) specimen of Madagascar and of another za, namely the Big cistern baobab. Several wood samples collected from the large inner cavity and from the outer part/exterior of the tree were investigated by AMS (accelerator mass spectrometry) radiocarbon dating. For samples collected from the cavity w...