The Food Quality Protection Act and other regulatory initiatives have pointed up the dearth of information available on current pest management practices employed in animal agriculture. In an effort to address this lack, the California Pest Management Alliance for the Egg Industry (composed of egg producers, allied industries, regulatory agencies, and California Cooperative Extension) developed...

The use of biological control for the management of pest insects pre-dates the modern pesticide era. The first major successes in biological control occurred with exotic pests controlled by natural enemy species collected from the country or area of origin of the pest (classical control). Augmentative control has been successfully applied against a range of open-field and greenhouse pests, and ...

Urbanization is a product of human population growth and industrialization. In industrialized as well as developing countries, urbanization has moved humans away from many arthropod pests, but into intimate associations with others. Since the introduction of synthetic organic insecticides, urban dwellers have fought pests almost exclusively with repeated applications of chemicals. In agricultur...

Areawide management has a long history of achieving solutions that target pests, however, there has been little focus on the areawide management of arthropod natural enemies. Landscape ecology studies that show a positive relationship between natural enemy abundance and habitat diversity demonstrate landscape-dependent pest suppression, but have not yet clearly linked their findings to pest man...

Globally cotton is the most important natural fibre crop being cultivated commercially for domestic textile needs and export. Cotton plays an role in India’s economy, occupies largest acreage highest production world. In India, grown 10 major states divided 3 distinct zones viz., north, central south with varying climate soil. Despite large acreage, productivity India far below world average du...