There are several reports of symptomatic ganglion cysts near the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL), but no reports of a symptomatic ganglion originating from the anterior aspect of the PCL in the deep recess between the posterior root of the medial meniscus and the PCL, bulging into the posteromedial joint space. In this report, we present the clinical features of a patient with a symptomatic g...

Despite the increased popularity of arthroscopic techniques for the treatment of anterior shoulder instability, several patient populations appear to remain at high-risk for recurrent instability after arthroscopic stabilization. Contact athletes, patients with bony defects of the humeral head and/or glenoid, those with atraumatic instability or capsular deficiency, and individuals who have sus...

The TFCC consists of triangular fibrocartilage (TFC), meniscus homologue, ulnolunate ligament, ulnotriquetral ligament, radioulnar ligament, and sheath floor of the extensor carpi ulnaris (ECU). The TFCC functions as a stabilizer of the ulnocarpal and DRU joints, load distributor between ulna and ulnar carpus and introduces smooth forearm rotation. The TFCC is a hammock-like shape supporting an...

A stable and precise articulation of the distal tibiofibular syndesmosis is essential for normal motion of the ankle joint. Injury to the syndesmosis occurs through rupture or bony avulsion of the syndesmotic ligament complex. External rotation of the talus has been identified as the major mechanism of syndesmotic injury. None of the syndesmotic stress tests was sensitive or specific; therefore...

Humeral avulsion of the glenohumeral ligament (HAGL) is a lesion associated with anterior shoulder instability. Although uncommon, HAGL lesions are a significant contributor to shoulder pain and dysfunction and, if missed, can even be a cause of failed Bankart repair. HAGL lesions should generally be repaired surgically; however, given their low prevalence, there is no consensus on the optimal ...

Avulsion fractures of the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) are usually found in pediatric populations. This study investigated which of 2 approaches-posteromedial or direct posterior-enables easier PCL reinsertion. Ten fresh cadavers were studied using direct posterior (10 knees) and posteromedial (10 knees) approaches. In both, a guidewire was inserted into the tibial insertion of the PCL as ...