Citrus bacterial canker (CBC) caused by Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri (Xac) was first documented in India and Java in the mid 19th century. Since that time, the known distribution of the disease has steadily increased. Concurrent with the dispersion of the pathogen, the diversity of described strains continues to increase, with novel strains appearing in Saudi Arabia, Iran, and Florida in th...

Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri (Xcc) A strain causes citrus bacterial canker, a serious leaf, fruit and stem spotting disease of several Citrus species. X. alfalfae subsp. citrumelonis (Xac) is the cause of citrus bacterial spot, a minor disease of citrus nursery plants and X. campestris pv. campestris (Xc) is a systemic pathogen that causes black rot of cabbage. Xanthomonas spp. form biofilms ...

Citrus exports to foreign markets are severely limited today by fruit diseases. Some of them, like citrus canker, black spot and scab, are quarantine for the markets. For this reason, it is important to perform strict controls before fruits are exported to avoid the inclusion of citrus affected by them. Nowadays, technical decisions are based on visual diagnosis of human experts, highly depende...

Copper is the most efficient pesticide for control of citrus canker (Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri). To mitigate environmental impacts and costs, copper sprays in orchards are being optimized based on tree row volume (TRV). A previous investigation allowed significant reductions spray rates. Nevertheless, results also indicated need additional studies. The aim this work was to assess whether b...

Citrus is a major fruit crop with economic importance worldwide, citriculture historically threatened at times by diverse array of pathogens. As leading producer and exporter, Argentina has been dealing endemic quarantine diseases citrus implementing conventional management strategies. In recent decades, the pursuit pathogen-resistant transgenic explored in country as part long-term sustainable...