when encountering “unexpectedness” (Reizenzein 2000) or “expectancy violations” (Scherer, Zentner, and Stern 2004)—is commonly regarded as a fundamental human emotion (Ortony and Turner 1990; Strongman 2003). Like other “basic” or “primary” emotions—happiness, sadness, fear, anger, and disgust—it is typically inferred from characteristic facial expressions, bodily postures, and vocalizations (T...

The processing of literal, novel metaphorical and semantically anomalous expressions in native Dutch speakers and German Dutch learners was examined using event-related potentials. The N400 component was determined for expressions which were formulated in an “A is a B” form and varied in their degree of figurativeness. A three-choice task was used in which the participants had to decide whether...

The explosive use of social media, in information dissemination and communication, has also made it a popular platform for the spread of rumors. Rumors could be easily propagated and received by a large number of users in social media, resulting in catastrophic effects in the physical world in a very short period. It is a challenging task, if not impossible, to apply classical supervised learni...

A one dimensional model of primate smooth pursuit mechanism has been implemented in 2 11m CMOS VLSI. The model consolidates Robinson's negative feedback model with Wyatt and Pola's positive feedback scheme, to produce a smooth pursuit system which zero's the velocity of a target on the retina. Furthermore, the system uses the current eye motion as a predictor for future target motion. Analysis,...

The mechanism of ELF-MF impact on the metabolic processes occurring in cells of the living organisms is discussed. Existing research suggests that biological membranes may be composite antenna for stimulation by an electromagnetic field. To further elucidate this mechanism the use of fluorescent probes is suggested. Streszczenie. W referacie przedstawiono postulowany mechanizm oddziaływania ELF...

Graph theory provides a powerful framework to investigate brain functional connectivity networks and their modular organization. However, most graph-based methods suffer from a fundamental resolution limit that may have affected previous studies and prevented detection of modules, or "communities", that are smaller than a specific scale. Surprise, a resolution-limit-free function rooted in disc...

Most explanation schemes are reactive and informational: explanations are provided in response to specific user queries and focus on making the system’s reasoning more transparent. In mixed autonomy settings that involve teams of humans and autonomous agents, proactive explanation that anticipates and preempts potential surprises can be particularly valuable. By providing timely, succinct, and ...

Production functions are estimated for South African industries using a novel industry panel dataset that combines education and employment data from a series of household surveys with output and physical capital data from the South African Reserve Bank Quarterly Bulletins. We are particularly interested in estimating the effect of education on worker productivity. The analysis starts by explor...

This communication develops the process of interventions of the Renaissance fortress of a new plant built in 1554–57 in Santa Pola. It is one of the earliest examples built with reference to military architecture theoretical treaties (XV– XVI) and best preserved. The study runs its own story from its initial military use, through the use of civil equipment until the final cultural and Museum Ce...

Sehrish Gul Faiza Irshad Khalid Zaman The purpose of this research is to examine the relationship between bank-specific and macro-economic characteristics over bank profitability by using data of top fifteen Pakistani commercial banks over the period 2005-2009. This paper uses the pooled Ordinary Least Square (POLS) method to investigate the impact of assets, loans, equity, deposits, economic g...