A community of frugivorous insects was studied by rearing of 25565 individual insects representing three orders (Coleoptera, Lepidoptera and Diptera except Drosophilidae) from 326 woody plant species in a lowland rainforest in Papua New Guinea. Fruits from 19.3% of plant species were not attacked by any insect order, 33.4% of plant species were attacked by a single order, 30% by two orders and ...

background: echinococcosis or hydatid cyst (hc) is considered as one of the major parasitic infections in iran that causes many health problems and economic losses in communities. the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of hc in patients referred to surgery wards of three hospitals in khorram-abad, the center of lorestan province in south-west of iran from 2002 - 2006. methods: to...

This article explores Russia’s attack on Ukraine using the lens of strategic culture. Specifically, two strands in Russian culture are identified. The first is a deep-seated sense vulnerability, especially vis-à-vis “the West.” To counter this perceived threat, national security establishment has long emphasized importance possessing depth and buffer zones. second strand revolves around feeling...

This paper describes an approach for obtaining direct access to the attacked squares of sliding pieces without resorting to rotated bitboards. The technique involves creating four hash tables using the built in hash arrays from an interpreted, high level language. The rank, file, and diagonal occupancy are first isolated by masking the desired portion of the board. The attacked squares are then...