In order to clarify the relationship among grammatical knowledge, processing components, and neural substrates in sentence comprehension, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging to investigate how brain activation is affected by two types of scrambling (short scrambling and middle scrambling) in ditransitive sentences in Japanese. Short scrambling and middle scrambling enhanced activation...

This work reviews the human auditory system, elucidating some of specialized mechanisms and non-linear pathways along chain events between physical sound its perception. Customary relationships frequency, time, phase--such as uncertainty principle--that hold for linear systems, do not apply straightforwardly to hearing process. Auditory temporal resolution certain processes can be a hundredth p...

One of the best known low-discrepancy sequences, used by many practitioners, is the Halton sequence. Unfortunately, there seems to exist quite some correlation between the points from the higher dimensions. A possible solution to this problem is the so-called scrambling. In this paper, we give an overview of known scrambling methods, and we propose a new way of scrambling which gives good resul...

A major, but unstudied, cause of crashes in China is drivers that "scramble" to gain the right of way in violation of traffic regulations. The motivation of this study is to explore the features of drivers' scrambling behaviors and the attitudes and driving skills that influence them. In this study, we established a scrambling behavior scale, and developed a driving attitude scale and a driving...

In this article, I present Japanese local and long-distance scrambling and restrictions to this phenomenon. I will argue that Japanese scrambling is too complex to be adequately represented with TAG. Instead, I will use a variant of TAG, namely TLMCTAG. Subsequently, I also will propose to regard other scrambling languages, such as German, or Russian, in complexity classes, which is basically d...

Tree Adjoining Grammars (TAG) are known not to be powerful enough to deal with scrambling in free word order languages. The TAGvariants proposed so far in order to account for scrambling are not entirely satisfying. Therefore, an alternative extension of TAG is introduced based on the notion of node sharing. Considering data from German and Korean, it is shown that this TAG-extension can adequa...

In this article, I present Japanese local and long-distance scrambling and restrictions to this phenomenon. I will argue that Japanese scrambling is too complex to be adequately represented with TAG. Instead, I will use a variant of TAG, namely TLMCTAG. Subsequently, I also will propose to regard other scrambling languages, such as German, or Russian, in complexity classes, which is basically d...