Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is defined by impaired social interaction as well as impaired language and communication accompanied by stereotyped/heartbreaking behavioral traits and increased restricted repetitive behaviors [2]. ASD describes a range of conditions (e.g. autism, social and communication deficits, Asperger disorder, childhood disintegrative disorders, pervasive developmental dis...

Among epigenetic factors leading to increased prevalence of juvenile neuropsychiatric disorders, including autism spectrum disorder, exposure to metals, such as lead (Pb) have led to conflicting results. The aim of the present study was to determine the levels of Pb in the urine of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) compared with typically developing children (TD) age- and sex-matched...

Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) consist of a set of complex neurodevelopmental disorders characterised by impaired communication and social behaviour, and repetitive or stereotyped pattern of behaviour. The prevalence of ASD has increased in recent decades to 0.6-1% [1-3]. Broadening of the diagnostic criteria and increased awareness of autism among parents and health professionals likely contr...

Whilst hypersensitivity to pitch information appears to be characteristic of many individuals with autism spectrum disorders little is known about the implications of such a tendency for language acquisition and development. Discrimination of systematically varied pitch differences between pairs of words, nonwords, and nonspeech pitch contour analogues was assessed in children with autism spect...

Introduction Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are pervasive neurodevelopmental disorders, affecting 1 in 160 children worldwide [1]. The core features that characterize individuals within this deficits social communication and interaction as well the presence of repetitive patterns behavior [2]. Several underlying mechanisms have been proposed can

Hsaio and colleagues link gut microbes to autism spectrum disorders (ASD) in a mouse model. They show that ASD symptoms are triggered by compositional and structural shifts of microbes and associated metabolites, but symptoms are relieved by a Bacteroides fragilis probiotic. Thus probiotics may provide therapeutic strategies for neurodevelopmental disorders.

Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are one of the neurodevelopmental disorders. About one-five of children diagnosed with ASD have regression autism. Adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is precisely control the balance of ATP metabolism in mitochondria, the organelle that show dysfunction in regressive autism. Studies have shown that this sensor kinase can be effective in...

High prevalence of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) has been reported in 22q11.2DS, although this has been based solely on parent report measures. This study describes the presence of ASD using a procedure more similar to that used in clinical practice by incorporating history (Social Communication Questionnaire) AND a standardized observation measure (Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule) and...

Autism is one of the five disorders that falls under the umbrella of Pervasive Developmental Disorders (PDD) or Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), a category of neurological disorders characterized by "severe and pervasive impairment in several areas of development." ASD is characterized by varying degrees of impairment in communication skills, social interaction and restricted, repetitive stereot...

how to cite this article: babaknejad n, sayehmiri f, sayehmiri k, mohamadkhani a, bahrami s. the relationship between zinc levels and autism: systematic review and meta-analysis. iran j child neurol. autumn 2016; 10(4):1-9.   abstract objective autism is a complex behaviorally defined disorder. there is a relationship between zinc (zn) levels in autistic patients and development of pathogenesis...