A current paradigm states that non-antigen-specific inflammatory cues attract noncognate, bystander T cell specificities to sites of infection and autoimmune inflammation. Here we show that cues emanating from a tissue undergoing spontaneous autoimmune inflammation cannot recruit naive or activated bystander T cell specificities in the absence of local expression of cognate antigen. We monitore...

TRAIL, the TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand, induces apoptosis of tumor cells, but not normal cells; the roles of TRAIL in nontransformed tissues are unknown. Using a soluble TRAIL receptor, we examined the consequences of TRAIL blockade in an animal model of multiple sclerosis. We found that chronic TRAIL blockade in mice exacerbated experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis induced by my...

Fas (CD95) is a cell surface death receptor belonging to the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, which mediates apoptosis-inducing signaling when activated by Fas ligand or its agonistic antibody. lpr mice with a loss of apoptosis-inducing function mutation in the Fas gene develop systemic autoimmune disease and lymphadenopathy but not allergic inflammation. In the case of Fas mutations...

objective: hashimoto encephalopathy (he) is known as a steroid-responsive encephalopathy associated with autoimmune thyroiditis or nonvascular inflammation-related autoimmune meningoencephalitis. the average age of onset of he is approximately 50 years; and it is more common in women. the onset of he may be acute or subacute. the course of most he cases is relapsing and remitting, which is simi...

To understand the pathogenesis of organ-specific autoimmune disease requires an appreciation of how the T cell-mediated inflammation is targeted, and how the organ function is compromised. In this study, autoantibody was documented to influence both of these parameters by modulating the distribution of T cell-mediated inflammation. The murine autoimmune ovarian disease is induced by immunizatio...

Acute or chronic inflammation is thought to play a major role in the etiology and/or pathogenesis of autoimmune disease. Often viral infections are the initial cause for a local inflammatory reaction resulting in tissue infiltration by activated leukocytes. The activation and trafficking of these leukocytes to the site of inflammation is conducted by chemoattractant cytokines, termed chemokines...

Epstein–Barr virus is primarily the cause of acute infectious mononucleosis and can also cause lymphoma and autoimmune diseases. Th17 cells, which are a unique subset of ThCD4+ cells, direct the infection toward inflammation through production of inflammatory cytokine IL-17. In contrast, Treg Foxp3 cells inhibit inflammation through secretion of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10, leading to chro...

Abstract Background Autoimmunity is used to cause by impairment of adaptive immunity alone, whereas autoinflammatory was originally defined as a consequence unregulated innate immunity. So, the pathogenetic mechanisms autoimmune diseases were well-thought-out be mediated B and T lymphocytes. Whereas, unprovoked times inflammation with absence high titre autoantibodies. Main body abstract Autoim...

Inflammation of peripheral nerves may be due to autoimmune disease, infection or vasculitis. The nerve fibres are normally protected by a specialised endothelium, positive endoneurial pressure and perineurial barrier. Most cases of inflammatory neuropathy are characterised by endoneurial inflammation and primary demyelination without infection or vasculitis, and are thought to have an autoimmun...