BACKGROUND Dihydropyridine calcium antagonists increase heart rate due to reflex activation of the sympathetic nervous system, although these effects are less obvious for long-acting agents. OBJECTIVE To study the effects of diltiazem retard, a long-acting nondihydropyridine calcium antagonist, on 24h blood pressure, heart rate and autonomic nerve activity in patients with essential hypertens...

Radiofrequency (RF) catheter ablation of the renal artery is therapeutic in patients with drug-refractory essential hypertension. This study was designed to examine the role of the renal autonomic nerves and of RF application from inside the renal artery in the regulation of blood pressure (BP). An open irrigation catheter was inserted into either the left or right renal artery in 8 dogs. RF cu...

Ocular complications of leprosy patients often develop insidiously and with few if any symptoms. This study involves measurement of the pupil cycle time (PCT) to evaluate the autonomic nerve system of the iris to determine the presence of subclinical intraocular involvement. The study included 19 lepromatous (LL), 19 borderline lepromatous (BL), and five borderline tuberculoid (BT) leprosy pati...

In sheep, nerve cell concentrations were found in nerves reaching organs of the urogenital system, which were called autonomic accessory ganglia (AAG) due to the region they occurred. Location of AAG in the studied nerves and their branches is changeable and their shape and size depend on the amount of ganglion cells from which AAG are made. The structure of AAG was described, as well as the ap...

The aim of this study was to investigate the spatiotemporal development of autonomic nerve fibers and primordial germ cells (PGCs) along their migratory route from the dorsal mesentery to the gonadal ridges in human embryos using immunohistochemical markers and electron microscopy. Autonomic nerve fibers in the dorsal mesentery, the pre-aortic and para-aortic plexuses and in the gonadal ridge w...

Diabetic neuropathy is one of the major complications of diabetes, and it increases morbidity and mortality in patients with both type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Because the autonomic nervous system, for example, parasympathetic axons, has a diffuse and wide distribution, we do not know the morphological changes that occur in autonomic neural control and the...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The cardiac autonomic nervous system is an emerging target for therapeutic control of atrial fibrillation (AF). We evaluated the effects of low-intensity autonomic nerve stimulation (LI-ANS) on atrial electrophysiology, AF vulnerability, and neural remodeling. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Fourteen dogs were subjected to 3 hours rapid atrial pacing (RAP, 5 Hz) and concomitant...

Objectives—I-metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) myocardial scintigraphy is clinically used to estimate local myocardial sympathetic nerve damage in some forms of heart disease, autonomic nerve disturbance in diabetic neuropathy, and disturbance of the autonomic nervous system in neurodegenerative disease. In the present study, examinations were performed to clarify (1) the proportion of cardiac sym...

hyperbilirubinemia at neonatal period is one of the major deteriorating factors of the auditory system. if left untreated, it may cause certain cerebral damage. this study aims to evaluate the impact of hyperbilirubinemia on the hearing of neonate. this study was conducted on 35 newborn babies with jaundice (bilirubin more than 20 mg/dl). auditory brainstem response (abr) and transient evoked o...

background & importance: acute autonomic system impairment can be dangerous and life-threatening, and a clinician should be aware of its occurrence possibility. according to the anatomy of this system, spinal cord lesions could disturb its function. there are many reports of autonomic dysreflexia in spinal cord i njuries especially spinal cord trauma. case presentation: a 28 year-old man with a...