This study contemplates the extension and mutual influences of certain kinds renovating practices promoted in two realms education, formal non-formal, second third decades 20th century Spain. As part a broader critique traditional school, these new perspectives coincided their rethinking students’ amateurs’) relationship with materials used learning process. For them, object, rather than consti...

The cortisol awakening response (CAR) has been widely assessed as a measure of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activity. Short-term stability is high; however, little is known about the long-term stability of the CAR. Because there are indications that development in adolescence influences HPA axis activity, this study investigated the stability of the CAR over adolescence. Participan...

IMPORTANCE All studies of 24-hour intraocular pressure (IOP) rhythm conducted to date have used repeated IOP measurements requiring nocturnal awakenings, potentially disturbing sleep macrostructure. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effects on sleep architecture and IOP rhythm of hourly awakening vs a contact lens sensor (CLS) to continuously monitor IOP without awakening. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PART...

PURPOSE Cortisol awakening response (CAR) and nighttime cortisol levels have been used as indices of adrenocortical activity. However, population-based statistical information regarding these indices has not been provided in healthy subjects. This study was carried out to provide basic statistical information regarding these indices. MATERIALS AND METHODS Cortisol levels were measured in sali...

OBJECTIVES Fatigue is a common complaint of patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The aim of this study was to examine and compare in patients with these diseases the course of fatigue within the first hour after awakening and during the day, and to examine sleep disturbance as a potential determinant of fatigue. MET...

INTRODUCTION Given the high morbidity and mortality associated with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), family members, and healthcare providers base early supportive management decisions, at least in part, on expected prognosis. In the comatose patient with ICH, this short-term prognosis is most overtly characterized by regaining of consciousness. DESIGN A retrospective consecutive cohort of 51 ...