Low temperature water-based concrete embedded floor heating systems are studied. The utilisation of low quality heat sources is facilitated by low temperature heating. Theoretical models which describe the transient thermal floor heating operation constitute the basis for the analysis. The combination of building, floor heating element, heat gains and control system is described by a set of the...

Munksøgård is a housing community near the city of Roskilde, Denmark. In 2014, Munksøgård's residents have agreed to change the existing heat supply system. The choice of future heat supply was narrowed to heat pumps, new biomass boiler and connection to nearby district heating network. The present paper compares results from techno-economic energy system analysis, simple private-economic analy...

Vertical wire feeding with an axisymmetric multi-laser source (feeding the wire vertically into the molten pool) has exhibited great advantages over LAM (laser additive manufacturing) with paraxial wire feeding, which has an anisotropic forming problem in different scanning directions. This paper investigates the forming ability of vertical wire feeding with an axisymmetric multi-laser source, ...

Integral methods are used to derive similarity solutions for several quantities of interest including the cross-stream velocity, Reynolds stress, the dominant turbulent kinetic energy production term, and eddy diffusivities of momentum and heat for axisymmetric and planar turbulent jets, plumes, and wakes. A universal constant is evaluated for axisymmetric and planar plumes. The cross-stream ve...

Modern practice of solving the problems of heat supply system design generates the need to solve the problem of choosing optimal parameters for a considerable set of equipment. The problem of choosing optimal parameters involves determining the diameters of new heat pipelines, searching for the methods to reconstruct existing network sections, and choosing the pressure heads of pumping stations...