the cause is the basis of the existence and non-existence of a thing and its consideration is prior to consideration of the thing. in accordance with subjective theory, the will is the substance of the contract and the other elements of a contract are conditions of will’s efficiency. in contrast, according to objective theory, object of the contract is the substance of it and the other elements...

today manufacturing contract has a special place in the big and small transaction. the subject of manufacturing contract is the made of goods that manufacturer has recommended to maker with determining of attributes and characterizes with preparation primary materials to make it in a specified time and shall delivered to manufacturer. manufacturing contract in fourth school of religious jurispr...

. Perceived organizational support has been raised as work backbone of employee in the organization and the psychological contracts are also a set of promises that top managers give to support their employees. Therefore, violation of this contract not only involves depriving organizational support, but also reduces the employee's belongings. The main purpose of this paper was to examine the imp...

Wholesale electricity markets in many jurisdictions use a two-settlement structure: day-ahead market for bulk power transactions and real-time fine-grain supply-demand balancing. This paper explores trading demand response assets within this structure. We consider two approaches assets: (a) an intermediate spot with contingent pricing, (b) over-the-counter options contract. In the first case, w...

the seller must deliver the goods in conformity with the contract. one of cases of conformity is its conformity with the contract in terms of quantity. namely, the seller must deliver the goods that are equal with the specified amount in the contract. in practice, the delivered goods may be larger than the amount specified in the contract. in iranian law, where the goods are larger than contrac...