Wood vinegar is a substance, derived from cooling black carbon fire, which could be used instead of chemical materials in the agriculture industry as an organic compound. In order to study the effectiveness of pine wood vinegar on physiological and photosynthesis traits of cucumber, two experiments were conducted based on a completely randomized design with six treatments including 0, 1250, 200...

Due to their sensitivity, robustness and the flat shape, the magnetoelastic sensors create new possibilities of industrial applications. This paper presents the results of the field tests of using the magnetoelastic sensors with amorphous alloy ring-shaped cores for ignition detection in locomotive’s diesel engines as well as measurements of the torque during the operation of ball valves. Prese...

Around the posterior pallial vessels in Sepia officinalis a ball-shaped structure has been found which is evidently an accessory organ of the circulatory system. It has also been observed in Loligo forbesi, but not in the two decapods examined, Eledone cirrhosa and Octopus vulgaris. The following description is based on the study of Sepia. In an account of the nerves supplying the accessory org...

Tensegrity robots are based on the idea of tensegrity structures that provides many advantages critical to robotics such as being lightweight and impact tolerant. Unfortunately tensegrity robots are hard to control due to overall complexity. We use multiagent learning to learn controls of a ball-shaped tensegrity with 6 rods and 24 cables. Our simulation results show that multiagent learning ca...

The tuned liquid column damper (TLCD) having a uniform cross-sectional tube of U-shaped, occupied with liquid is used as a vibrational response mitigation device. The tuned liquid column ball damper (TLCBD) is a modified TLCD, where, an immovable orifice, positioned at the middle part of the horizontal portion, is replaced by a metal ball. Different studies on the unconstrained optimization per...

Effect of fire on phyto-sociology of understorey vegetation in chir pine forests of three different silvological characteristics was compared with pure grassland. 15 grasses, 1 sedge, 5 legumes and 21 non-legumes were recorded in the four study sites. Floristic composition gradually increased from June to August and then declined slowly by October in all the plots. Maximum number of species wa...

Frothers havea profoundeffectonbubble size and also flotation efficiency. In present study the effect of type and dosage of frothers on the flotation response of coarse particles of quartz was investigated.  Therefore, flotation response of coarse particles using frothers such as MIBC, pine oil, poly propylene glycol with concentration of 0, 25, 50 and 75...

Abstract Forest tree seedling production technologies impact reforestation success determined with survival and quality of seedlings. Five Abies alba were tested: (1) bare-root seedling, three years in the open (3/0); (2) two under a shading net (40% full light), year (2/g); (3) ball root (40%), (2/K); (4) grown an opening Norway spruce stand (3/Pic); (5) Scots pine canopy (3/Pin). Silver fir s...

Large shifts in species ranges have been predicted under future climate scenarios based primarily on niche-based species distribution models. However, the mechanisms that would cause such shifts are uncertain. Natural and anthropogenic fires have shaped the distributions of many plant species, but their effects have seldom been included in future projections of species ranges. Here, we examine ...