Private company valuation is typically performed by BV professionals who regularly estimate the value of nonmarketable interests. In order to develop a valuation estimate, BV professionals review and interpret empirical evidence to support decision making. For example, for the valuation of nonmarketable interests—within the context of a fair market value business valuation—there is typically a ...

1. Introduction: context and scope of the study In the spirit of the growing environmental awareness in the past decades, we witness nowadays an increasing interest in biodiversity, both locally and worldwide. Biodiversity requires our attention for two reasons. First, it provides a wide range of benefits to mankind and human activities. Second, many human activities have contributed to unprece...

This review article aims to provide an introduction to the methodology of health economic assessment of a health technology. Attention is paid to defining the fundamental concepts and terms that are relevant to health economic assessments. The article describes the methodology underlying a cost study (identification, measurement and valuation of resource use, calculation of costs), an economic ...

BACKGROUND The incidence of reported adolescent and adult pertussis continues to rise in the United States. Acellular pertussis vaccines for adolescents and adults have been developed and may be available soon for use in the U.S. Our objectives were: (1) to describe patient valuations of pertussis disease and vaccination; and (2) to compare valuations for short-term and long-term health states ...

OBJECTIVES To examine the relationship between ordinal and cardinal valuation of health states. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING We analyzed rank, visual analog scale (VAS), and time trade-off (TTO) responses for 52 health states defined using the EQ-5D classification system developed by the EuroQol Group. We analyzed 179,431 responses from 11,483 subjects in eight countries: Slovenia, Argentina, Den...

Contingent valuation is the most flexible and controversial non-market valuation technique. One of the unresolved issues concerns the question of whether respondents are reminded of the economic constraints within which they should express their preferences. A study design which is appropriate for reminding economic constraints can be found in the use of joint evaluation (JE), i.e. evaluating s...

Embedding is the widely-observed phenomenon that a good is assigned a higher value if evaluated on its own rather than as part of a more inclusive set. Embedding is considered a serious problem affecting the quality of many environmental management and health risk policy judgments. This paper presents the results of an experiment involving of a structured, small-group approach for conducting en...

The 15D is a generic, 15-dimensional, standardised, self-administered measure of health-related quality of life (HRQOL), that can be used as a profile and single index score measure. This paper introduces alternative valuation models based on the multi-attribute utility theory for generating the single index scores, and examines their feasibility, reliability and validity by using several data ...

OBJECTIVE To compare the performance of the recently developed Swedish experience-based time trade-off (TTO) valuation of the EuroQol-5D-3L (EQ-5D-3L) against the hypothetical-based TTO valuations from UK, US, Germany and Denmark. METHODS Type 2 diabetes patients from the Swedish National Diabetes Register (N = 1,757) responded to EQ-5D-3L questionnaire in 2008. Health utilities were compared...

Proposition algebra is based on Hoare’s conditional connective, which is a ternary connective comparable to if-then-else and used in the setting of propositional logic. Conditional statements are provided with a simple semantics that is based on evaluation trees and that characterizes so-called free valuation congruence: two conditional statements are free valuation congruent if, and only if, t...