Abstract Rate-setting is a problematic area for newcomers to translation and established practitioners alike. Survey data generally support the view that translators feel underpaid money matters remain chief ethical pragmatic concern, but appropriate guidance almost entirely absent from introductory textbooks on profession documentation prepared by industry associations remains unsatisfactory. ...

Convolution kernels, constructed by convolution of sub-kernels defined on sub-structures of composite objects, are widely used in classification, where one important issue is to choose adequate sub-structures, particularly for objects such as trees, graphs, and sequences. In this paper, we study the problem of sub-structure selection for constructing convolution kernels by combining heterogeneo...