BACKGROUND The New Jersey Safe Schools Program (NJSS) offers courses required for secondary school vocational-career-technical education teachers to become school-sponsored structured learning experience supervisors. The "Federal Wage and Hour and Child Labor Laws, Regulations and Hazardous Order Course" (FWH) was originally conducted in-person by U.S. Department of Labor-Wage and Hour Division...

The complexity of surgical procedures oft en poses challenges for conducting a rigorous and comprehensive evaluation. This paper considers the fi nal two IDEAL stages of surgical innovation. Surgical randomised controlled trials are oft en challenging to undertake and require careful consideration of the intervention defi nition, who should deliver it, and the impact of surgeon and patient pref...

Methods of economic evaluation, especially cost-effectiveness analysis and cost-benefit analysis, are widely used to examine new healthcare technologies. However, few economic evaluations of pharmacogenomics have been conducted, and pharmacogenomic researchers may be unfamiliar with how to review or conduct these analyses. This review provides an overview of the methods of economic evaluation a...

Tests of social cognitive theories provide informative data on the factors that relate to health behavior, and the processes and mechanisms involved. In the present article, we contend that tests of social cognitive theories should adhere to the principles of nomological validity, defined as the degree to which predictions in a formal theoretical network are confirmed. We highlight the importan...

OBJECTIVE To describe methods and strategies to advance the science of interventions in pediatric psychology. METHODS We consider the advantages of various strategies to develop and extend the applications of intervention research in pediatric practice settings. RESULTS Strategies are needed to enhance application of empirically supported interventions to pediatric settings, including testi...

Educational interventions based on the principles of behavior analysis are highly effective for establishing skills in young children with autism. As a first step in program development, the child's current skill level is determined by evaluating performance on tasks drawn from a preestablished curriculum. However, few specific guidelines have been delineated for conducting these skills assessm...

introduction: estimating ephedrine’s effect on animal’s locomotor activity and evaluation of cumin fruit essential oil (feo) effect and mechanism of ephedrine-induced hyper-locomotion. methods: a new protocol developed for evaluation of manic behavior induced by ephedrine in a dose and time dependent manner. following the suppressive effects of cumin feo on acquisition and expression of ephedri...

We combined functional analyses and concurrent-schedule assessments to identify reinforcer preference during situations in which problem behavior may have been multiply controlled. Participants were 3 children with developmental delays who engaged in problem behavior during toy play with another child and one adult present, suggesting that problem behavior may have been maintained by adult atte...

Reinforcement sensitivity theory includes the idea that people differ in their sensitivity to negative events, but relevant process-based assessments have not been developed. The present studies assessed sensitivity to negative events in terms of the extent to which negative word stimuli were perceived to be larger than neutral word stimuli. There was a general tendency to overestimate the size...