the purpose of this research was to study the neutralization efficacy of a universal neutralizer proposed by the ctpa on a range of antimicrobial agents and its potential toxicity for microorganisms that are used for antimicrobial preservation testing. several types of antimicrobial agents including a mixture of methylisothiazolinone and its 5-chloro derivative, dimethylol dimethyl hydantoin, q...

zinc sulphate and boric acid ophthalmic preparations, containing benzalkonium chloride as preservative, have been investigated against gram-negative and positive bacteria. viability of bacteria was found after 7 days, although it was completely suppressed after 24 hours of inoculation. zinc sulphate generally increases the antimicrobial activity of benzalkonium chloride, whereas boric acid or i...

Quaternary ammonium compounds such as benzalkonium chloride (BC) are widely used as disinfectants in both food processing and medical environments. BC-resistant strains of Listeria monocytogenes have been implicated in multistate outbreaks of listeriosis and have been frequently isolated from food processing plants. However, the genetic basis for BC resistance in L. monocytogenes remains poorly...

The purpose of this research was to study the neutralization efficacy of a universal neutralizer proposed by the CTPA on a range of antimicrobial agents and its potential toxicity for microorganisms that are used for antimicrobial preservation testing. Several types of antimicrobial agents including a mixture of methylisothiazolinone and its 5-chloro derivative, dimethylol dimethyl hydantoin, Q...

Samples of effluent and soil were collected from a reed bed system used to remediate liquid waste from a wool finishing mill with a high use of quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs) and were compared with samples of agricultural soils. Resistance quotients of aerobic gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria to ditallowdimethylammomium chloride (DTDMAC) and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) w...

■ ■ 80% reduction in analysis time enables high throughput analysis IN T RODUC T ION Benzalkonium Chloride (BAC) refers to a series of quaternary ammonium chloride homologues with the structure shown in Figure 1. The pervasive use of BAC in consumer products results from its antiseptic and antifungal properties with widespread applications ranging from cleaning products and disinfectants to san...

Commonly used disinfectants based on quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs) can emit a variety of VOCs during application with some the derived from QACs and their synthetic process.

Purpose Benzalkonium chloride (BAK) is the most commonly used eye drop preservative. Benzalkonium chloride has been associated with toxic effects such as "dry eye" and trabecular meshwork degeneration, but the underlying biochemical mechanism of ocular toxicity by BAK is unclear. In this study, we propose a mechanistic basis for BAK's adverse effects. Method Mitochondrial O2 consumption rates...

We have assessed the release of histamine from mast cells by smooth muscle contraction. 0.3 microg/ml compound 48/80 showed no effect on concentration-response relationship of histamine in rabbit aorta. Compound 48/80 induced release of histamine from rat mast cells. When aorta was stimulated by compound 48/80 in the presence of mast cells, contraction was evoked in concentration-dependent mann...