BACKGROUND The relationship between cigarette smoking and cognitive function was examined in healthy Swedish adults who were participants in the Betula Prospective Cohort Study of Aging, Memory, and Health. SUBJECTS The data are from those individuals in the Betula study who were self-reported continuous smokers contrasted to those who reported never smoking cigarettes. DESIGN The dependent...

The presence of flavonoid aglycones in bud ex­ cretions has been stressed and they have been stud­ ied in great detail by one of us in the 1970s. Exu­ date flavonoids were reported for members of the genera Aesculus (Hippocastanaceae, [1]), for Alnus, Betula, and Ostrya (Betulaceae, see [2]), for Populus (Salicaceae; see e.g. [3] and ref. therein), for Prunus (Rosaceae, [4]), and for Rhamnus (R...

The name Alnus viridis (Chaix) DC., based on Betula viridis Chaix (1785), has traditionally been attributed to green alders although it is based on a later basionym. Alnus alnobetula (Ehrh.) K. Koch based on Betula alnobetula Ehrh. (1783) is the correct name for green alders. In light of the increasing use and recognition of the name Alnus alnobetula (Ehrh.) K. Koch in the literature. I herein ...

Based upon new global class field concepts leading to two-dimensional global Langlands correspondences, a modular representation of cusp forms is proposed in terms of global elliptic bisemimodules which are (truncated) Fourier series over R . As application, the conjectures of Shimura-Taniyama-Weil, Birch-Swinnerton-Dyer and Riemann are analyzed.

Betula platyphylla var. japonica (white birch) has heterophyllous leaves (i.e., early and late leaves) and is a typical pioneer tree species in northern Japan. Seedlings of white birch were exposed to ozone during two growing seasons, and measurements were carried out in the second year. Early leaves did not show an ozone-induced reduction in photosynthesis because of lower stomatal conductance...

We formulate (and prove under a certain assumption) a conjecture relating the order of Somekawa’s Milnor K-group attached to a torus T and the value of the Artin L-function attached to the cocharacter group of T (regarded as an Artin representation) at s = −1. The case T = Gm reduces to the classical Birch-Tate conjecture.

Foliar fungi of silver birch (Betula pendula) in an experimental Finnish forest were investigated across a gradient of tree species richness using molecular high-throughput sequencing and visual macroscopic assessment. We hypothesized that the molecular approach detects more fungal taxa than visual assessment, and that there is a relationship among the most common fungal taxa detected by both t...