Econometric methods can be helpful when one is trying to understand the nature of competition between products in differentiated products industries, an issue that arises in many competition policy contexts. However, misspecification of the consumer demand system can result in biased econometric results and misleading conclusions. We discuss some considerations that go into choosing a demand sy...

We present a new test generation procedure for sequential circuits using newly traversed state and newly defectedfault inforination obtained between successive iterations of vector compaction. Two types of techniques are considered. One is based on which new states a sequential circuit is driven into, and the other is based on the new faults that are detected in the circuit between consecutive ...

Errors and variations in interpretation can happen in clinical imaging. Few studies have examined the biased effect of clinical information on reporting of brain CT scans. In a blinded double crossover design, we studied whether three radiologists were biased by clinical information when making CT scan diagnosis of the brain. Three consultant radiologists in three rounds with at least a one...

In this paper a new criterion for comparing measurement results and determining conformity with specifications is proposed, which essentially is a strategy of estimating the empirical relationships of objects. Comparing with traditional methods given in GUM: 2008 and ISO 14253-1, this criterion improves the resolution of comparison by reducing the sizes of the coverage intervals to be compared....

Most image registration problems are formulated in an asymmetric fashion. Given a pair of images, one is implicitly or explicitly regarded as template, and warped onto the other to match. In this paper, we focus on this seemingly arbitrary choice of the roles, and reveal how it may lead to biased warp estimates in the presence of relative scaling. We present a principled way of selecting for th...

We study the issue of polarization in society through a model of opinion formation. We say an opinion formation process is polarizing if it results in increased divergence of opinions. Empirical studies have shown that homophily, i.e., greater interaction between like-minded individuals, results in polarization. However, we show that DeGroot's well-known model of opinion formation based on repe...

It is well known that standard game-theoretic approaches to voting mechanisms lead to a multitude of Nash Equilibria (NE), many of which are counter-intuitive. We focus on truth-biased voters, a model recently proposed to avoid such issues. The model introduces an incentive for voters to be truthful when their vote is not pivotal. This is a powerful refinement, and recent simulations reveal tha...

We present a method for estimating intrinsic images from a fixed-viewpoint image sequence captured under changing illumination directions. Previous work on this problem reduces the influence of shadows on reflectance images, but does not address shading effects which can significantly degrade reflectance image estimation under the typically biased sampling of illumination directions. In this pa...

productivity shocks are one of the most important factors that influence the firms ‘ decisions on he optimal consumption of production inputs. unobservable productivity shocks create selection and simultaneity problems causing biased estimates of production function by ordinary least squares. however, to estimate coefficients associated with production function by levinsohn and petrin technique...