Sex chromosomes originate from pairs of autosomes that acquire controlling genes in the sex-determining cascade. Universal mechanisms apparently influence the evolution of sex chromosomes, because this chromosomal pair is characteristically heteromorphic in a broad range of organisms. To examine the pattern of initial differentiation between sex chromosomes, sequence analyses were performed on ...

Traits that influence social interactions (signals) are widely thought to be honest indicators of some underlying quality of their bearer. One hypothesis is that a signal and the bearer’s immunocompetence are linked via a condition-dependent pathway. We tested this idea by measuring the effect of specific dietary components on the development of a melanin-based plumage signal and the production...

in order to comparison the foliar application of biological, biostimulator and chemical fertilizers on growth characteristics and yield of saffron, a factorial experiment was conducted in a completely randomized block design with four replication in 3- year field of saffron in dargaz, khorasan razavi province from 2010 to 2011. the first factor had 5 levels included biostimulator fertilizer bio...

Abstract The water vapour permeability is a material property used in calculations of the hygrothermal performance buildings. standard test method (the ‘cup test’), little changed for decades and based on measuring weight changes, has been shown repeatedly round-robin comparisons to have poor accuracy consistency between laboratories. Here we describe new approach which primary measurement humi...

Iron, vitamin B12, and folic acid deficiencies are among the most common deficiencies occurring after laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LRYGB). The present study evaluates the effectiveness of a specially designed multivitamin supplement (WLS Forte, FitForMe, Rotterdam, the Netherlands) specifically developed for LRYGB patients.A triple-blind, randomized, 12-month study was conducted compa...

Metabolomics is the quantification of small molecules, commonly known as metabolites. Collectively, these metabolites and their interactions within a biological system are metabolome. The metabolome unique area study, capturing influences from both genotype environment. availability high-throughput technologies for quantifying large numbers metabolites, well lipids lipoprotein particles,...

We study the capabilities of a muon collider experiment to detect disappearing tracks originating when heavy and electrically charged long-lived particle decays via $X^+ \to Y^+ Z^0$, where $X^+$ $Z^0$ are two almost mass degenerate new states $Y^+$ is Standard Model particle. The backgrounds induced by in-flight beams (BIB) can create detector hit combinations that mimic signatures, making sea...