anatomy of the root canal system always effects endodontic treatment outcome. mandibular premolar teeth show extreme variations in root canal morphology. first premolars usually exhibit basic one root and one canal anatomy. the occurrence of three roots in mandibular first premolar has not been commonly reported in literature. this article reports a case of successful nonsurgical endodontic man...

[1] Wang Y, Wu B, Dong L, Wang C, Shu X. Acute coronary involvement in acute type A aortic dissection: a subtype analysis of bicuspid aortic valve andMarfan syndrome. Int J Cardiol 2013 [Manuscript No.: IJC-D-13-03341]. [2] Chen YF, Chien TM, Yu CP, et al. Acute aortic dissection type A with acute coronary involvement: a novel classification. Int J Cardiol 2013;168:4063–9. [3] Bonser RS, Ranasi...

OBJECTIVE Prediction of aortic dissection or rupture is extremely difficult in patients with bicuspid aortic valve. We aimed to identify clinical and echocardiography predictors of histological abnormalities of the aortic wall in patients with bicuspid aortic valve undergoing aortic surgery. METHODS We assessed the histology of the aortic wall and clinical and echocardiography variables in a ...

I read with great interest the article by Hraska et al. [1], in the May issue of EJCTS, summarizing their 7 years experience with the Ross and Ross–Konno operation in children and adolescents in two centers. Like most other series, their mid-term experience validates the safety and efficacy of Ross operation in treating aortic valve disease in this important subset of patients where growth, act...

OBJECTIVES To determine whether offering cardiac screening to relatives of patients with left ventricular outflow tract obstructions (LVOTOs) would be justified. BACKGROUND LVOTOs have been recognised as a group of congenital heart diseases with 'high heritability'. One of the LVOTOs, the bicuspid aortic valve, is often asymptomatic, but has become known to be associated with sudden, unexpect...

Although bicuspid aortic valve occurs in an estimated 1% of adults and mitral valve prolapse in an estimated 5% of adults, occurrence of the 2 in the same patient is infrequent. During examination of operatively excised aortic and mitral valves because of dysfunction (stenosis and/or regurgitation), we encountered 16 patients who had congenitally bicuspid aortic valves associated with various t...

BACKGROUND The relationship of aortic valve dysfunction and ascending aortic aneurysm is unclear in adults with bicuspid aortic valve disease. METHODS We retrospectively studied 134 consecutive out-patients (98 men, 36 women aged 43 ± 18 years) with bicuspid aortic valve disease. To investigate the relationship of ascending aortic aneurysm and aortic valve dysfunction we exclusively considere...

flow CMR in assessment of valve-related ascending aortic disease. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging 2011;4:781–7. 32. Barker AJ, Markl M, Burk J, Lorenz R, Bock J, Bauer S et al. Bicuspid aortic valve is associated with altered wall shear stress in the ascending aorta. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging 2012;5:457–66. 33. Schaefer BM, Lewin MB, Stout KK, Byers PH, Otto CM. Usefulness of bicuspid aortic valve phenot...

OBJECTIVE The optimal diameter at which replacement of the ascending aorta should be performed in patients with bicuspid aortic valve disease is not known. METHODS We reviewed all patients with bicuspid aortic valves undergoing aortic valve replacement at our institution from 1979 through 1993 (n = 201). Patients undergoing concomitant replacement of the ascending aorta were excluded. RESUL...

Thoracic aortic aneurysm is a pathological local dilatation of the aorta, potentially leading to aortic rupture or dissection. The disease is a common complication of patients with bicuspid aortic valve, a congenital disorder present in 1-2% of the population. Using two dimensional fluorescence difference gel electrophoresis proteomics followed by mRNA expression, and alternative splicing analy...