CONTEXT Bicycling is one of the leading causes of recreational injuries. Elevated blood alcohol concentrations (BACs) are found in about one third of fatally injured bicyclists aged 15 years or older. OBJECTIVE To assess the relative risk of fatal and serious bicycling injury according to BAC. DESIGN Matched case-control study. SETTING AND SUBJECTS Bicyclists aged 15 years or older who we...

INTRODUCTION Driven largely by international declines in rates of walking and bicycling to school and the noted health benefits of physical activity for children, research on children's active commuting to school has expanded rapidly during the past 5 years. We summarize research on predictors and health consequences of active commuting to school and outline and evaluate programs specific to ch...

Transmission in the corticospinal and Ia pathways to soleus motoneurons was investigated in healthy human subjects during bicycling. Soleus H reflexes and motor evoked potentials (MEPs) after transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) were modulated similarly during the crank cycle being large during downstroke [concomitant with soleus background electromyographic (EMG) activity] and small during ...

Measuring the impact of bicycle infrastructure and other mobility improvements has been a challenge in practice transportation planning. Transportation planners are increasingly required to conduct complex analyses provide supporting evidence for proposed plans communicate well with both decision makers public. Cyclists experience two important factors on roads: (a) travel stress related built ...

The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of reciprocal inhibition in the regulation of antagonistic ankle muscles during bicycling. A total of 20 subjects participated in the study. Reciprocal inhibition was induced by stimulation of the peroneal nerve (PN) at 1.2 times threshold for the M-response in the tibialis anterior muscle (TA) and recorded as a depression of the rectified s...

There is a rapid growth of bicycle-sharing systems (BSS) around the world. Cities are supporting these systems as a more sustainable transport mode for short trips. Given the relatively recent adoption of BSS, there is substantial interest in understanding how these systems impact urban transportation. In this paper, we examine the functioning of the hugely successful New York City CitiBike sys...

Non-motorized travel in terms of walking or bicycling plays a critical role in promoting healthy living style, offering sustainable alternatives to environmental impacts, energy consumption, and societal costs of motorized travel modes, and allocating limited resources for constructing pedestrian-orientated transportation infrastructure facilities. Historically, much research has been focused o...