In this paper, a bidirectional associative memory (BAM) model with second-order connections, namely second-order bidirectional associative memory (SOBAM), is first reviewed. The stability and statistical properties of the SOBAM are then examined. We use an example to illustrate that the stability of the SOBAM is not guaranteed. For this result, we cannot use the conventional energy approach to ...

In this paper, a stochastic approach is proposed for reliability assessment of bidirectional DC-DC converters, including the fault-tolerant ones. This type of converters can be used in a smart DC grid, feeding DC loads such as home appliances and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs). The reliability of bidirectional DC-DC converters is of such an importance, due to the key role of the expec...

This study is to investigate the short- and long-run causal relationship between agglomeration (localization and urbanization) economies and labor productivity in the manufacturing sector of 28 Iranian provinces over an 11-year period, 2001–2011. Fully Modified Ordinary Least Squares (FMOLS) method was used to estimate our long-run panel data model. The empirical findings suggested that localiz...

Received Oct 16, 2017 Revised Dec 23, 2017 Accepted Jan 11, 2018 The wireless rechargeable sensor network is attractive crucial and important in recent years for the advancement of wireless energy communication skill. The previous explore shown that not all of sensors can be recharged due to the limitation of power capacity to mobile chargers can carry. If a sensor playing a critical role in a ...

Recent breakthroughs in wireless power transfer make it possible to charge sensors over a long distance. Existing works have mainly focused on maximizing network lifetime, optimizing charging efficiency, and optimizing charging quality. All these works use a linear superposition charging model, which may not be accurate in real life situations. We use the actual charging model, which has a nonl...

5 Abstract—The application Q1 of wireless charging technology in traditional battery-powered wireless sensor networks (WSNs) grows 6 rapidly recently. Although previous studies indicate that the technology can deliver energy reliably, it still faces regulatory mandate to 7 provide high power density without incurring health risks. In particular, in clustered WSNs there exists a mismatch between...