The penetration of renewable energy in modern power system, microgrid has become a popular application worldwide. In this paper bidirectional converters for AC and DC hybrid microgrid application are proposed as an efficient interface. To reach the goal of bidirectional power conversion, both rectifier and inverter modes are analyzed. In order to achieve high performance operation and single-ph...

Direct measurement of the carbon (C) 'cost' of mycorrhizas is problematic. Although estimates have been made for arbuscular and ectomycorrhizal symbioses, these are based on incomplete budgets or indirect measurements. Furthermore, the conventional model of unidirectional plant-to-fungus C flux is too simplistic. Net fungus-to-plant C transfer supports seedling establishment in c. 10% of plant ...

Abstract. Flood disasters frequently threaten people and property all over the world. Therefore, an effective numerical model is required to predict impacts of floods. In this study, a dynamic bidirectional coupled hydrologic–hydrodynamic (DBCM) developed with implementation characteristic wave theory, in which boundary between these two models can dynamically adapt according local flow conditi...