Busulfan is widely used as a component of the myeloablative therapy in bone marrow transplantation. Recent studies have shown that the drug disposition is altered in children and is associated with less therapeutic effectiveness, lower toxicities, and higher rates of engraftment failure. We have evaluated the bioavailability of the drug in two groups of patients: eight children between 1.5 and ...

Oral bioavailability of a drug compound is the significant property for potential drug candidates. Measuring this property can be costly and time-consuming. Quantitative structure-property relationships (QSPRs) are used to estimate the percentage of oral bioavailability, and they are an attractive alternative to experimental measurements. A data set of 217 drug and drug-like compounds with meas...

The achievement of optimal folate status to prevent neural-tube defects, and possibly other diseases, is hindered by the well-recognised incomplete bioavailability of the natural folates found in foods compared with the synthetic vitamin, folic acid. Folate bioavailability from different foods is considered to be dependent on a number of factors, including the food matrix, the intestinal deconj...

Modeling and simulation methods are now commonly used in drug product development and regulatory drug review process. These applications include, but are not limited to: the development of biorelevant specifications, determination of bioequivalence matrixes for modified release products with rapid therapeutic onset, design of in vitro-in vivo correlations in a mechanistic framework, and predict...

Atorvastatin is a lipid-lowering agent, approved for treatment once daily at 10-80 mg doses in adults and at 10-20 mg doses in children aged 10 years or older [15]. Following oral administration, atorvastatin is rapidly absorbed, and maximum plasma concentrations are achieved within 1 to 2 hours. Atorvastatin is extensively metabolized by cytochrome P450 3A4 to active metabolites: orthoand para...

this study was done to assess bioequivalence between test and reference formulations of escitalopram oxalate 20 mg in healthy indian male subjects. this single-dose, randomized, open-label, 2-period crossover study was carried out in 12 healthy indian male volunteers aged 18 to 55 years under fasting conditions with a wash out of 14 days.  the subjects were randomly assigned to receive the test...

knowledge of the probable origin and behaviour of arsenic certainly gives valuable insights into the potential for transfer in the environment and of the risks involved in mining sites. sequential extraction analyses are common experiments often used to study the origin and behaviour of potentially toxic elements. the method, however, presents some deficiencies, including labor-intensive proced...

For an accurate risk assessment of sites contaminated by trace elements (TE), measurements of bioavailability must be performed. This is routinely achieved using the standardized 0.01M CaCl2 method. However, the suitability of chemical extractions as proxies of bioavailability is questionable. We analyzed the correlations between chemically estimated TE bioavailability and TE actually accumulat...

A critically evaluated database of human oral bioavailability for 768 chemical compounds is described in this study (http://modem.ucsd.edu/adme), which provides the scientific community a publicly available and reliable source for developing predictive models of human oral bioavailability. The correlations between several important molecular properties and human oral bioavailability were invest...

conclusions our results indicated a reversible increase in rbv bioavailability after telaprevir exposure, which might be linked to the impairment of the gfr. this also suggests a rbv-telaprevir pharmacological interaction, a possible source of severe anemia observed under triple therapy. these results suggest that rbv pharmacological monitoring may be clinically relevant, especially in the cont...