Agelastatins represent an important family of marine alkaloids in terms of both exceptional biological activity and intriguing chemical structure. In this article, the isolation and biological activity of agelastatins are reviewed, and proposed biosynthetic pathways are summarized. The main focus is given to comparative evaluation of recent total syntheses, mainly of agelastatin A. To date, thi...

Efficient routes were developed for the diastereoselective synthesis of new O-alkylated and C-branched inositols and their corresponding fluoro analogues. The key steps of the synthesis were the easy accessibility of different types of arms in term of configuration (myo and scyllo), the linking method and length, which could modulate the biological properties. These inositol derivatives, bearin...

This review highlights the chemical and biological aspects of natural products containing an oxidized or reduced isoindole skeleton. This motif is found in its intact or modified form in indolocarbazoles, macrocyclic polyketides (cytochalasan alkaloids), the aporhoeadane alkaloids, meroterpenoids from Stachybotrys species and anthraquinone-type alkaloids. Concerning their biological activity, m...

The dual route model suggests that reading of letter strings can occur through both a lexical and a nonlexical route. Hemispheric specialization of these routes has also been posited, suggesting that the left hemisphere has both lexical and nonlexical routes while the right hemisphere has only a lexical route. However, some recent data conflict with this hemispheric dual route model, suggesting...

Complex II inhibitors play an important role in agrochemical fungicide research and have been known for more than 40 years. With the introduction of ortho-substituted heterocyclic amides, a breakthrough in activity level and spectrum within this class was achieved. In the meantime all major agrochemical companies have entered this field. In this paper, a special complex II subclass, the pyrrole...

One con transpor pumps’. *Autho Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PT, UK Laboratoire de Biologie et Physiopathologie des Systèmes Intégrés, CNRS-Universite de Nice, FRE 3094, Parc Valrose, Nice Cedex 2, France Bristol Institute for Transfusion Sciences, National Blood Service, Southmead, Bristol BS10 5ND, UK Department of Medicine, University Coll...

Policy makers and static economic models often argue that contingent fees cause lawyers to settle cases sooner than their clients would like, so as to avoid accumulating costs of bargaining. Yet, in a dynamic setting, a willingness to sink costs can be a strategic advantage when seeking to establish the credibility of threats. This paper shows that this can be the case for cost-bearing continge...

Although the Google Books Settlement has been criticized as anticompetitive, I conclude that this critique is mistaken. For out-of-copyright books, the settlement procompetitively expands output by clarifying which books are in the public domain and making them digitally available for free. For claimed in-copyright books, the settlement procompetitively expands output by clarifying who holds th...