The biological haircell is a modular building block of a rich variety of biological sensors. Using micro- and nanofabrication technology, an engineering equivalent artificial haircell sensor can be developed, imitating the structure and transfer function of the biological haircell. The artificial haircells can be made of hybrid semiconductor, metal and polymers. This paper discusses a number of...

Biological olfactory and taste systems are natural chemical sensing systems with unique performances for the detection of environmental chemical signals. With the advances in olfactory and taste transduction mechanisms, biomimetic chemical sensors have achieved significant progress due to their promising prospects and potential applications. Biomimetic chemical sensors exploit the unique capabi...

Cellulose-based materials functionalized with fluorescence sensors are highly topical and are employed in many areas of functional materials, including the sensing of heavy-metal ions and anions as well as being widely used as chemical sensors and tools for environmental applications. In this Review, we cover recent progress in the development of cellulose-based fluorescence sensors as parts of...

The construction and electrochemical response characteristics of PVC membrane and coated wire sensors for the determination of Benzydamine hydrochloride (Benz) are described. PVC membrane sensors, include sensors 1, 2 and 3, and coatedwire sensors include sensors 4, 5 and 6. Sensors 1 and 4 based on benzydamine phosphotungstate (Benz-PTA) as ion-pair, sensors 2 and 5 based on benzydamine phosph...

The important biological roles of nitric oxide (NO) have prompted the development of analytical techniques capable of sensitive and selective detection of NO. Electrochemical sensing, more than any other NO detection method, embodies the parameters necessary for quantifying NO in challenging physiological environments such as blood and the brain. In this tutorial review, we provide a broad over...

Nanomaterial sensing layers are employed for chemical and biological species detection in surface acoustic wave (SAW) sensors. The response characteristics of these sensors depend on the changes in the mechanical properties of the nanomaterials as the SAW propagates through the sensing layer. Knowledge of the mechanical properties is important to establish the stability and robustness of SAW se...

Experimental evidence is presented that mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation is dependent on oxygen concentration in its physiologic range both in vivo and in vitro. Mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation is considered to act as a tissue oxygen sensor important for controlling local vascular resistance.