Regioselective synthesis of highly functionalized pyranopyrazoles was achieved in excellent yield from phenyl pyrazolone, substituted aromatic aldehyde with nitroketene-N,S-acetal in the presence of indium trichloride as a versatile catalyst under reflux condition in ethanol-water mixture. All reactions preceeded within a short period of time with excellent purity. All of the synthesized compou...

With rapid industrial development, problems related to pollution are becoming severe Water pollution is one of the most serious problems because inorganic and organic wastes are discharged to the aquatic environment either in water soluble or insoluble forms. Heavy metal ions have lethal effects on all forms of life and these enter the food chain through the disposal of wastes in water channels...

Increases in environmental contamination lead to a progressive deterioration of environmental quality. This condition challenges our global society to find effective measures of remediation to reverse the negative conditions that severely threaten human and environmental health. We discuss the progress being made toward this goal through application of bioremediation techniques. Bioremediation ...

As the resource recovery from mixed waste streams are performed, new generated. Some of these does not fit well to existing management options, for example, they may hold a low heating value sustain combustion and have too high carbon content be accepted at non-hazardous landfills. Also various health pollution risks arise as practical handling issues due physical properties such wastes. One is...

The environmental impacts of recycling, mechanical biological treatments (MBT) and waste-to-energy incineration, the main management strategies to respond to the increasing production of post-consumer materials are reviewed and compared. Several studies carried out according to life-cycle assessment (LCA) confirm that the lowest environmental impact, on a global scale, is obtained by recycling ...

People in third world and developing countries are suffering from menace of protein deficiency in their diets resulting in serious protein-energy malnutrition problems. The situation, demands exploration of new un-conventional protein sources to fortify human food. The present study was planned to assess the feasibility of using agro-industrial wastes for Saccharomyces cerevisiae production and...

One third of the artichoke production is used in industrial processes, where up to 70% 85% of the initial raw material is transformed into solid wastes. For an adequate management of these wastes, it is necessary to know their water sorption properties, because physical, chemical and biological changes which occur during their storage depend on water-solid interactions. The objectives of this w...

Currently, much of our biodegradable wastes such as kitchen wastes, agricultural wastes & animal wastes are used to produce Biogas, a powerful greenhouse gas. Anaerobic digestion (AD) is a treatment that composts these wastes in the absence of oxygen, producing a biogas that can be used to generate Heat & Power. Producing renewable energy from our biodegradable wastes helps to tackle the energy...

Screening tests were developed or adapted from RILEM recommendations, standards and past studies, carried out to characterize some agro-industrial wastes assess their feasibility as aggregates for eco-efficient building composites. Spent coffee grounds, grape olive press waste hazelnut shells used, well maritime pine chips control material. Particle size distribution, loose bulk density, therma...

The generation of municipal solid waste is increasing year by year and there are many options for handling and disposing of these wastes. Currently in United States land disposal is the most common practice to deal with municipal solid wastes. The evolution of waste generation, and increase in population suggest composting as a future alternative. Since municipal solid waste comprises of a high...