Plastics are the most important component in marine debris. In turn, within plastics, microplastics (<5 mm) those that affect biota. Thus, this review has as its main objective to show current state of studies microplastics, well determine groups vertebrates affected by and type predominant color microplastics. For research, we a total 132 articles, from 2010 May 2020. Our results group more tu...

Biota are major drivers of geomorphological development. Vegetation and soil fauna act as ecosystem engineers, changing the environment through physical structures individual activities such litter layering, tree uprooting, animal mounding. Furthermore, varying quality triggering different degrees bioturbation, they jointly drive landscape development heterogeneously in space over time. Soil-la...

FACULTY OF ENGINEERING AND APPLIED SCIENCE DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMPUTER SCIENCE Doctor of Philosophy EVOLUTIONARY EMERGENCE: THE STRUGGLE FOR EXISTENCE IN

In the paper it demonstrates that for more precise and comprehensive interpretation under the framework of biospheric concept, the anthropocentric paradigm, being now the one of the basic principles in radiation protection, should be reformulated and amended (an immediate switch to ecological concept involves significant changes and calls for solution of very complicated scientific problems). I...

Some Precambrian trace fossils have been presented as evidence for the early origin of bilaterians; the recent finding that large amoeboid protists leave macroscopic traces at the bottom of the deep ocean questions the metazoan nature of early trace fossils, stressing the importance of single-cell organisms in Precambrian biota.