BACKGROUND Aiming to obtain the highest triterpene content in the extraction products, nine bark samples from the forest abundant flora of Apuseni Mountains, Romania were Raman spectroscopically evaluated. Three different natural extracts from Betula pendula Roth birch bark have been obtained and characterized using Fourier transform vibrational spectra. RESULTS This study shows that principa...

The aim of the study was to assess the metal pollution in the vicinity of the Bukowno smelter near Olkusz in southern Poland. Birch and oak leaves, pine needles and a lichen Hypogymnia physodes, overgrowing pine bark were collected at stands at different distances from the smelter and analysed for cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn) content. Concentrations of metals in the lichen...

Weibull, H. 2000. Bryophytes on boulders diversity, habitat preferences and conservation aspects. Doctor’s dissertation. ISSN 1401-6230, ISBN 91-576-5893-5 The influence of different overstorey tree species on the floristic composition of bryophytes growing on boulders was studied in two deciduous forests. Covering tree species and amount of litter were the factors explaining most of the variat...

The paper investigated the possible gains in using low density (average 1 pulse/m 2 ) full-waveform (FWF) airborne laser scanning (ALS) data for individual tree detection and tree species classification and compared the results to the ones obtained using discrete return laser scanning. The aim is to approach a low-cost, fully ALS-based operative forest inventory method that is capable of provid...

The impact of tree litter on soil chemistry leachate and sulfurous substrates of mine soils from former Jeziórko sulfur mine was investigated. Composites were used: soil substrate (less contaminated at mean 5090 mg kg-1 S or high contaminated at 42,500 mg kg-1 S) + birch or pine litter and control substrate (no litter). The composites were rinsed with distilled water over 12 weeks. In the obtai...

The aim was to investigate the relations between diameter at breast height and maximum crown diameter, tree height and other possible independent variables available in stand databases. Altogether 76 models for estimating stem diameter at breast height and 60 models for tree age were formulated using height and maximum crown diameter as independent variables. These types of models can be utiliz...

We sought to quantify changes in tree species composition, forest structure and aboveground forest biomass (AGB) over 76 years (1930-2006) in the deciduous Black Rock Forest in southeastern New York, USA. We used data from periodic forest inventories, published floras and a set of eight long-term plots, along with species-specific allometric equations to estimate AGB and carbon content. Between...

The chemical composition of the flint insert and the black adhesive layer on it and of the adhesive lump found from the Early Mesolithic Pulli settlement site was determined by the attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FT-IR) spectroscopy. The black adhesive lump and layer on the artefact is birch bark tar probably mixed with some fat and possibly containing some conifero...

Fifteen years after a murder and an act of cannibalism, the police in Szczecin have conducted investigation, which neither time murder, nor victim identity were known, no body was found, defendants not confessed. Due to circumstantial nature investigation trial, number analyses performed, expert opinions requested as part inquiry. A dendrochronological study birch tree growing on shore Lake Żab...