The third phase of the Council Trent (1562–63) witnessed a crisis erupt over whether bishops resided in, and ruled, their dioceses de iure divino (by divine right) or by papal authority. Cosimo I de’ Medici, Duke Florence, cooperated with instructions from Pope Sixtus IV to send Tuscan Trent, vote as bloc for Episcopal residency This position strengthened primacy weakened bishops’ claims autono...

[The discussions between Joseph Ratzinger and Walter Kasper on the relationship between the universal Church and the local/ particular churches touch on one of today’s major theological and pastoral issues. If the universal Church is ontologically and temporally prior to the local church, then how is the local church fully Church, and how are bishops truly vicars of Christ and not simply delega...

OBJECTIVES The aim of this study is to determine safety of induction of labor with vaginal Prostaglandins (E2) in Grand Multipara. METHODS Prostaglandin E2 was used in the form of vaginal tablets or gel in post fornix for induction as per protocol. Maternal and fetal data collected included age, parity, and indication of induction, bishops score, total dose of PGE2 used & complications of ind...

Recent months have witnessed a lot of Catholic writing about POLST, with some bishops and theologians critical of the POLST program2 and others cautiously supportive.3 This controversy has been helpful in raising some important issues regarding the conceptualization and implementation of the POLST paradigm in various states. The controversy might also be an occasion for Catholic health care eth...

abstract this study scrutinized the interaction between linguistic and strategic variables in reading comprehension test performance of iranian efl learners. to this end, the interaction among the participants’ reading comprehension test performance, use of test-taking strategies, and level of language proficiency was analyzed. the participants comprised 286 students who answered a reading comp...