Bioremediation has historically been approached as a 'black box' in terms of our fundamental understanding. Thus it succeeds and fails, seldom without a complete understanding of why. Systems biology is an integrated research approach to study complex biological systems, by investigating interactions and networks at the molecular, cellular, community, and ecosystem level. The knowledge of these...

Collopy, Adya and Armstrong (1994) (CAA) advocate the use of atheoretical "black box" extrapolation techniques to forecast information sys tems spending. In this paper, we contrast this approach with the positive modeling approach of Gurbaxani and Mendelson (1990), where the primary focus is on explanation based on economics and innovation diffusion theory. We argue that the objectives and prem...

2 Are built upon powerful patch-based (local) image models:  Non-Local Means (NLM): self-similarity within natural images  K-SVD: sparse representation modeling of image patches  BM3D: combines a sparsity prior and non local self-similarity  Kernel-regression: offers a local directional filter  EPLL: exploits a GMM model of the image patches  … Today we present a way to improve various su...

This paper introduces LocalSolver 1.x, a black-box local-search solver for general 0-1 programming. This software allows OR practitioners to focus on the modeling of the problem using a simple formalism, and then to defer its actual resolution to a solver based on efficient and reliable local-search techniques. Started in 2007, the goal of the LocalSolver project is to offer a model-and-run app...

Simulation has been utilized in the planning and development of almost all sectors of the transportation field. The practicing transportation community primarily relies on simulation packages, as opposed to “ground up” simulation development. Unfortunately, the use of these simulation packages has several disadvantages, most notably the “black box” phenomenon and reduced modeling flexibility. T...

in the software development process, testing is one of the most human intensive steps. many researchers try to automate test case generation to reduce the manual labor of this step. negative selection is a famous algorithm in the field of artificial immune system (ais) and many different applications has been developed using its idea. in this paper we have designed a new algorithm based on nega...

Constrained objects provide a suitable object-oriented style for modeling systems under constraints. A set of classes is defined to represent a problem, whose state is then controlled by a constraint satisfaction engine. This engine is commonly a black-box based on a predefined and non-customizable search strategy. This system rigidity, of course, does not allow users to tune models in order to...

This article deals with the black-box modeling of synchronous generators based on artificial neural networks (ANN). The ANN is applied to define relationship between excitation and terminal generator voltage values, Levenberg–Marquardt algorithm used for determining weight coefficients. relation made response reference step changes. proposed approach checked using experimental results obtained ...

We show that the unrestricted black-box complexity of the n-dimensional XORand permutation-invariant LeadingOnes function class is O(n log(n)/ log logn). This shows that the recent natural looking O(n logn) bound is not tight. The black-box optimization algorithm leading to this bound can be implemented in a way that only 3-ary unbiased variation operators are used. Hence our bound is also vali...