Significant advances have been made in understanding the role of tumor angiogenesis and its influence on tumor progression in cancer. Based on this knowledge, a series of inhibitors of angiogenesis have been developed and evaluated in preclinical and clinical trials. Since detailed information of tumor progression in response to therapy is important to assess the efficacy of anti-tumor treatmen...

Occlusions of the retinal veins and arteries, associated with diseases such as hypertension and arteriosclerosis, are a major cause of severe and irreversible loss of vision. Treatments for retinal vascular diseases have been unsatisfactory owing in part to the difficulty of delivering drugs to the site of disease within the eye. In this article, we demonstrate that a new device, the vapor bubb...

Blood flow phenomena occurring when flow is within the magnetic resonance (MR) imaging plane were analyzed. In this situation, the signal intensity of vascular lumina is predominantly determined by spin-phase change phenomena, and section transition effects of moving spins can be neglected. In this paper, we develop the concepts of in-plane flow, with emphasis on the notion that the spatial var...

The endothelium is the orchestral conductor of blood vessel function. Pathological blood vessel formation (a process termed pathological angiogenesis) or the inability of endothelial cells (ECs) to perform their physiological function (a condition known as EC dysfunction) are defining features of various diseases. Therapeutic intervention to inhibit aberrant angiogenesis or ameliorate EC dysfun...

Background and Objective: Cerebral Arteriovenous Malformation (CAVM) hemodynamic is disease condition, results changes in the flow and pressure level in cerebral blood vessels. Measuring flow and pressure without catheter intervention along the vessel is big challenge due to vessel bifurcations/complex bifurcations in Arteriovenous Malformation patients. The vessel geometry in CAVM patients are...

Vessel cross-sectional diameter is an important feature for analyzing retinal vascular changes. In automated retinal image analysis, the measurement of vascular width is a complex process as most of the vessels are few pixels wide or suffering from lack of contrast. In this paper, we propose a new method to measure the retinal blood vessel diameter which can be used to detect arteriolar narrowi...

Chronic increases in arterial blood flow elicit an adaptive response of the arterial wall, leading to vessel enlargement and reduction in wall shear stress to physiological baseline value. Release of nitric oxide from endothelial cells exposed to excessive shear is a fundamental step in the remodeling process, and potentially triggers a cascade of events, including growth factor induction and m...

AIMS To describe different patterns of retinal collateral circulation observed in normal subjects and in patients with a variety of ocular diseases during studies with the retinal functional imager (RFI). METHODS Normal subjects and patients with various ocular diseases underwent retinal blood flow imaging using the retinal functional imager. RESULTS Twenty-eight eyes of 21 patients constit...

Retinal image analysis is done through different diagnosis methods in this modern Ophthalmology .Many novel methods are present to segment blood vessels and optic disc in the fundus retinal images. This methods are used for non-intrusive diagnosis since in the modern ophthalmology ,morphology of blood vessel and optic disc is an important indicator for some of the diseases like diabetic retinop...