OBJECTIVES The objectives of this study were to 1) assess volumetric bone geometry and density at the distal radius of individuals with chronic stroke and 2) assess whether bone strength is associated with measures of muscle strength and impairment. MATERIAL AND METHODS Cross-sectional study of bone and muscle parameters in 15 community-dwelling people living with the residual effects of a st...

BACKGROUND Bone loss increases after menopause. However, bone strength also depends on structural characteristics such as bone size. Whether bone size increases as a result of periosteal apposition and whether a strength index accounting for both bone density and bone size might predict the risk of fracture better than bone density alone are unclear. METHODS Bone mass and the skeletal structu...

Population- and family-based studies have established that fragility fracture risk is heritable; yet, the genome-wide association studies published to date have only accounted for a small fraction of the known variation for fracture risk of either the femur or the lumbar spine. Much work has been carried out using animal models toward finding genetic loci that are associated with bone strength....

Introduction Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) effects bone health, muscle strength, physical fitness and well-being in children and adolescent. Due to biological medical treatment there is increased outcome of the disease with less flares and arthritis. Impaired bone health, muscle strength and decreased well-being have been reported in this group. There is evidence for intervention studies ...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the contributions of adolescent calcium intake, oral contraceptive use, and exercise on bone mass and bone strength.Study design Eighty white women participated in 10 years of the Penn State Young Women's Health Study, a longitudinal study of community participants. We measured bone mineral mass (g), density (BMD, g/cm(2)), and body composition from dual energy x-ray absor...

The conventional criterion for fracture risk assessment is the bone mineral density (BMD) measured by X-ray absorptiometry. Even if there is a strong association between bone strength and BMD, nowadays it is well accepted that this is not a sufficiently reliable predictor of fracture risk in osteoporotic patients. Therefore, there is a growing need for a better predictor of bone strength. Sever...

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with disturbances in bone strength and metabolism. The alterations of the serotonergic system are also observed in CKD. We used the 5/6 nephrectomy model of CKD to assess the impact of peripheral serotonin and its metabolite- 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid on bone biomechanical properties and metabolism in growing rats. The animals were sacrificed one and ...

We performed a biomechanical study to compare the augmentation of isolated fractured vertebral bodies using two different bone tamps. Compression fractures were created in 21 vertebral bodies harvested from red deer after determining their initial strength and stiffness, which was then assessed after standardised bipedicular vertebral augmentation using a balloon or an expandable polymer bone t...

A major unmet challenge in developing preventative treatment programs for osteoporosis is that the optimal timing of treatment remains unknown. In this commentary we make the argument that the menopausal transition (MT) is a critical period in a woman's life for bone health, and that efforts aimed at reducing fracture risk later in life may benefit greatly from strategies that treat women earli...

Exercise has long-lasting benefits to bone health that may help prevent fractures by increasing bone mass, bone strength, and tissue quality. Long-term exercise of 6-12 weeks in rodents increases bone mass and bone strength. However, in growing mice, a short-term exercise program of 3 weeks can limit increases in bone mass and structural strength, compared to non-exercised controls. Short-term ...