An iterative coupling of finite element and boundary element methods for the investigation of coupled fluid-solid systems is presented. While finite elements are used to model the solid, the adjacent fluid is represented by boundary elements. In order to perform the coupling of the two numerical methods, a successive renewal of the variables on the interface between the two subdomains is perfor...

This paper describes a method for the selective and covalent immobilization of proteins to surfaces with control over the density and orientation of the protein. The strategy is based on binding of the serine esterase cutinase to a self-assembled monolayer presenting a phosphonate ligand and the subsequent displacement reaction that covalently binds the ligand to the enzyme active site. Surface...

we introduce a new smooth, non-toxic, biocompatible method for cross-linking of gum tragacanth (gt), a polysaccharide of natural origin, in order to serve as a new supporting matrix for immobilization systems.  the modified gum is used as a matrix for the catalysis of the conversion of benzyl penicillin to 6-aminopenicillanic acid (6-apa) by means of escherichia coli atcc11105 with penicillin g...

vorax strain V,. Serological relationships were determined by three procedures: immobilization, agglutination, and complement fixation. Antigenic relationships in general were dependent upon the method employed. The immobilization test provided the best method for uncovering these differences. The complement fixation test did not provide satisfactory identification of the different species.

BACKGROUND We aimed to compare the effectiveness of immobilization in abduction and external rotation vs immobilization in adduction and internal rotation after primary anterior dislocation of the shoulder. METHODS The study randomized 102 patients (age range, 15-55 years) with the diagnosis of primary anterior dislocation of the shoulder to receive immobilization in adduction and internal ro...

The invention deals with a novel method for immobilization enzymes on solid surfaces such as metallic and graphite ones, which overcomes the disadvantages of standard current methods. Technology The immobilization technique is accomplished by doping the surface with a blend of the enzymes to be fixed, glutaraldehyde and nafion-ion exchanger, as protective additive. Therefore, the above techniqu...

This paper examines a set of techniques for the immobilization of enzymes on the surface of microchannels fabricated in polycarbonate (PC). Our experiments identify the method that uses combined physico-chemical immobilization on a layer of polyethyleneimine (PEI) as a reproducible vista for the robust immobilization of proteins. As an example, we demonstrate the fabrication, throughput and sta...

In recent years, entrapment of cells within spheres of Ca2+ alginate has become the most widely used technique for immobilizing living cells. This versatile method includes applications ranging from immobilization of living or dead cells in bioreactors, immobilization of plant protoplasts for micropropagation and immobilization of hybridoma cells for production of monoclonal antibodies, to entr...

Bacterial Cellulose (BC) was used as a carrier for Saccharomyces cerevisiae immobilization. The immobilization method included two steps: adsorption and incubation. In the adsorption step, initial cell concentration in the yeast suspension and immobilization time were optimized by Face Centered Central Composite Design (FCCCD) for maximizing cell immobilization yield. In the incubation step, in...

Article history: Received 29 January 2017 Received in revised form 14 June 2017 Accepted 25 June 2017 Available online 28 June 2017