Hong Kong is within the tropics and has a seasonal climate. In winter, shores support patches of ephemeral macroalgae and areas of seemingly bare rock close to crevices where molluscan herbivores are abundant. Using a factorial design of herbivore exclusions in areas far and close to crevices, the development of algal assemblages was monitored in mid-shore, cleared areas, in winter. To estimate...

The occurrence of bovine ephemeral fever virus has been reported from South Africa, Australia and Japan (Andrewes & Pereira, J 967) . The similarity of the symptoms caused and the sensitivity of the South African and Australian viruses to ether and desoxycholate suggest that the same virus occurs in all these countries. Electron microscopic studies on the South African form (EF 1) (Lecatsas, Th...

Culicoides is an important human and animal pest with great economic significance and a prime vector for various viruses like virus, virus, epizootic haemorrhagic disease, Akabane, Aino, Chuzan, and bovine ephemeral fever virus,Vesicularstomatitisvirus,EquineEncephalitisVirus (EEV),SchmallenbergVirus,protozoalike spp. and and Hepatocystis, avian Trypanosomes, Plasmodium in lizard and bird malar...

The nucleotide sequence of the Adelaide River virus (ARV) genome was determined from the 3' terminus to the end of the nucleoprotein (N) gene. The 3' leader sequence comprises 50 nucleotides and shares a common terminal trinucleotide (3' UGC-), a conserved U-rich domain and a variable AU-rich domain with other animal rhabdoviruses. The N gene comprises 1355 nucleotides from the transcription st...

Arthropod-borne viruses are a major cause of emerging disease with significant public health and economic impacts. However, the factors that determine their activity and seasonality are not well understood. In Australia, a network of sentinel cattle herds is used to monitor the distribution of several such viruses and to define virus-free regions. Herein, we utilize these serological data to de...