The genus Gigantorhynchus (type species = G. dubius Sapelnikov & Malygina, 1977, by original designation) was established by Sapelnikov & Malygina (1977: 62) for a distinctive fossil brachiopod from Eastern Alai (Southern Tien Shan, Kyrgyzstan) which subsequently served as type of a subfamily (Gigantorhynchinae Savage 1996). However, the name Gigantorhynchus was preoccupied by a living worm gen...

Evolutionary relationships among members of the Lophophorata remain unclear. Traditionally, the Lophophorata included three phyla: Brachiopoda, Bryozoa or Ectoprocta, and Phoronida. All species in these phyla have a lophophore, which is regarded as a homologous structure of the lophophorates. Because the organization of the nervous system has been traditionally used to establish relationships a...

The generic name Iliella was proposed by Rukavischnikova (Nikitin & al., 1980: 71; type species I. minima Rukavischnikova, by original designation) for a new fossil brachiopod genus from the Upper Ordovician (Katian: Chokparian horizon) of the north of Dulankara mountains (Southern Kazakhstan, Central Asia). However, this name is already preoccupied by a fossil branchiopod generic name Iliella ...