Braking to avoid a collision can be controlled by keeping the deceleration required to stop (i.e., ideal deceleration) in the "safe" region below maximum deceleration, but maximum deceleration is not optically specified and can vary as conditions change. When brake strength was manipulated between participants using a simulated braking task, the ratio of ideal to maximum deceleration at brake o...

A wheel slip controller for Anti-lock Brake Systems (ABS) is designed using LQ-optimal control. The controller gain matrices are gain scheduled on the vehicle speed. A parameter dependent Lyapunov function for the nominal linear parameter varying (LPV) closed loop system is found by solving a linear matrix inequality (LMI) problem. This Lyapunov function is used to investigate robustness with r...

This paper presents numerical studies of friction-induced instabilities of brake systems using complex mode analysis. The complex eigenvalue extraction is performed at a deformed configuration; thus, nonlinear effects are taken into account in the modal analysis. An example case is used to illustrate the importance of friction-induced damping and nonlinear effects in brake squeal analysis. It i...

In this paper we present an attack to the BLOKE and BRAKE hash functions, which are weakened versions of the SHA-3 candidate BLAKE. In difference to BLAKE, the BLOKE hash function does not permute the message words and constants in the round computation of the compression function, and BRAKE additionally removes feedforward and zeroes the constants used in each round of the compression function...

The downstream effector of PI3K, Akt, is frequently hyperactivated in human cancers. A critical downstream effector of Akt, which contributes to tumorigenesis, is mTOR. In the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway, Akt is flanked by two tumor suppressors: PTEN, acting as a brake upstream of Akt, and TSC1/TSC2 heterodimer, acting as a brake downstream of Akt and upstream of mTOR. In the absence of the TSC1/TSC2...

Brake fluid is a mixture of different Glycol derivatives which are poisoning and their ingestion triggers significant CNS symptoms, severe metabolic acidosis, cardiac, pulmonary, and renal failure. Here in this study, a case is reported who had been ingested 150mL of brake fluid for suicidal attempt.

Passive haptic displays have several advantages when compared to active devices. Safety elements associated with active haptic displays may make them undesirable for certain applications. One method of actuation for passive haptic robots is through the use of brakes and clutches. Traditionally, friction brakes have undesirable behavior, such as stiction and delay in response time due to mechani...

A tabletop waterwheel, designed and built by Prof. Willem Malkus (Math. Dept., MIT), is used to demonstrate chaos in a mechanical analog of the Lorenz equations. The waterwheel’s rotational damping rate can be adjusted by tightening or loosening a brake. When the brake is not too tight, the wheel settles into a steady rotation. Either direction of rotation is possible. When the brake was tighte...

The aim of the study was to create a model, describing the run of tribological processes in the surface layer of grey cast iron automotive brake discs. Grey cast iron discs mating with non-asbestos organic brake pads were chosen for the investigations, as the most widely used materials in car brakes. Samples for surface analysis were prepared from disc operating in stand and road conditions. St...